Hydroxypivaldehyde is the organic compound with the formula HOCH<sub>2</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CCHO. A colorless liquid, it is produced by condensation of formaldehyde and isobutyraldehyde:
The compound is a rare example of a distillable aldol (3-hydroxyaldehyde). Upon standing, it dimerizes reversibly to the dioxane derivative.
Hydroxypivaldehyde is a precursor to vitamin B5 as is practiced commercially.
Hydroxypivaldehyde is also a precursor to neopentyl glycol by hydrogenation: