Hrpelje (, in older sources Herpelje; Italian: Erpelle) is a settlement in the Municipality of Hrpelje-Kozina in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It is the administrative center of the municipality.
Hrpelje is located in a heavily karstified area with many sinkholes, depressions, and shafts. Among them is the Hrpelje Sinkhole () or Church Sinkhole () on the western edge of the village. It is deep, and until 1949 its bottom was divided into 29 fields cultivated by 19 smallholders, who mainly grew cabbage and potatoes on the plots. Under the postwar communist regime, the land was assigned to the Hrpelje Collective Farm ().
Hrpelje was attested in historical sources as Herpelie and Herpelye in 1763âÂÂ1787. The name may be derived from the plural demonym *VÃÂrpeþane based on the common noun *vÃÂrpa 'sinkhole', thus originally meaning 'people living near a sinkhole'. If so, the initial H- is prothetic.
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Anthony the Hermit and belongs to the Koper Diocese.