my-server
← Wiki

House of Motobu

The is a princely house of the Ryūkyū Kingdom founded by , sixth son of the tenth king of the second Shō dynasty, Shō Shitsu. It is a cadet branch of the Shō Clan.

Until annexion of the Ryūkyū Kingdom by Japan, the head of the House of Motobu had the function of of Motobu magiri (currently Motobu Town).

The fifth head of the house, , is a famous poet.

The eighth head of the house, served as royal deputy (ambassador plenipotentiary) during the French-ryūkyūan convention negotiations () in 1855.

After the annexion of the kingdom by Japan, the tenth head of the house Chōyū Motobu and his younger brother Chōki Motobu developed the karate schools of and .

History

The house was founded by Shō Kōshin Chōhei Prince of Motobu.

Motobu magiri (initially named was created in 1666 in order to be given as fief to Shō Kōshin, then aged 11.

The heads of the Motobu Udun house, since its creation and until the annexion of the kingdom by Japan, had the function of of Motobu magiri and often occupied important functions in the royal administration of Shuri, sometimes being granted the title of , that is generally only given to the king's sons. It was a predominant family in the ryūkyūan political sphere, known for its implication in international relations, arts and martial arts.

House heads and notorious members of the House of Motobu

Fourteen house heads have succeeded one another during eleven generations.

  • 1st generation : (1655–1687)
  • 2nd generation :
  • 3rd generation :
  • 3rd generation : (was granted the title of prince) ( -1750)
  • 4th generation : ( -1770)
  • 5th generation : () (1741–1814)
  • 6th generation : (was granted the title of prince)
  • 7th generation :
  • 8th generation :
  • 9th generation :
  • 10th generation : ChōyÅ« Motobu (1857–1928)
  • 11th generation : (1904–2004)
  • 11th generation : (1890–1945)
  • 11th generation : (born 1925)

Shō Kōshin, Chōhei Prince of Motobu

Chōhei (1655 – 1687), the founder of the lineage, was the sixth son of the tenth king of the second Shō dynasty, Shō Shitsu, and of the royal concubine .

According to the , he was born on the 19th day of the 5th lunar month of year 12 of the Shunzhi era () and died on the 27th day of the 8th month of year 26 of the Kangxi era (). His mother was the daughter of . The founding ancestor of the Clan is (originally known as ).

Chōhei took the name of in 1666 when given Motobu magiri as his personal fief. He married the daughter of , the .

He was buried in the Motobu-udun-baka tomb in Ganeko (Ginowan), that then became the family tomb of the House of Motobu.

His eldest son, Chōkan, succeeded him as the head of the House of Motobu, while his younger son, Chōtaku was adopted by Urasoe Aji and became the head of the .

Shō Bunshi, Chōryū Prince of Motobu

, the fourth head of the House of Motobu was appointed in 1716 as , the ministry in charge of arts and tea ceremonies, in order to take care of the organisation of the ceremonies for the seventh anniversary of the death of king Shō Tei. For this event, he collaborated with the famous , . Chōkun's son, Chōki, who would also become magistrate of dances in 1756, had been Chōryū's tutor and had taught him the art of dance. This art would become predominant in the activities of the House of Motobu.

Chōryū also took part in embassies to Satsuma in 1723 and 1738.

He was one of the general supervisors during the redaction of the Kyūyō between 1743 and 1745.

His many activities at the service of the kingdom granted him the rank of prince, a title generally only given to the king's children.

Shō Kokuchin, Chōkyū Aji of Motobu

(1741–1814), sixth head of the House of Motobu, is one of the masters of ryūkyūan poetry. He is, with , one of the and is also among the .

His poetry is very pure and scholarly, essentially dealing with love feelings. He is depicted as a very formal man, always wearing his official attire and arriving several hours early to poetry meetings in order to read poetry books before the start of the gathering.

His skillful use of the particle in his poems granted him the nickname of "Dainsu Aji".

He is the author of the , that is used in the traditional play Ama-kā.

As Chōryū, in addition to his artistic activities, Chōkyū took part in an embassy to Satsuma in 1773.

His wife, Mainugani, was the granddaughter of the 18th century karate master .

Shō Taiyū, Chōei Prince of Motobu

, seventh head of the House of Motobu, distinguished himself by his participation in embassies to Satsuma in 1804, 1809 and 1814, during which he partook of tasks related to the official relations with the Shimazu clan, made official visits to several temples and sanctuaries and attended poetry meetings.

His implication in the politics of the kingdom and the international relations with Japan granted him the rank of prince.

Shō Keiho, Chōshō Aji of Motobu

, ninth head of the House of Motobu, is celebrated as a martial arts master. He served three different kings, Shō Kō, Shō Iku and Shō Tai, for whom he was .

In 1855, he serves as royal deputy (ambassador plenipotentiary) during the French-ryūkyūan convention negotiations ('). It is said he was chosen to represent the king because his physical appearance and his poise gave him a royal aura.

He also took part in an embassy to Satsuma in 1859.

Chōyū Motobu

Chōyū Motobu (1857–1928), eleventh head of the House of Motobu, is famous as the creator of the karate branch that will later be known under the name of .

He was also a master in the arts of dance and poetry. Before the fell of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, he used the title of , which was the title used by the eldest sons of the heads of the House of Motobu before they succeeded to their fathers.

After the fall of the kingdom, the position of head of the House of Motobu merged with the position of head of the Mutubu-udundī school of karate. Chōyū transmitted the title to his karate disciple , to whom he gave the mission to go and teach the Mutubu-udundī secrets to his son Chōmō who lived in Wakayama in Japan.

Chōki Motobu

Chōki Motobu (1870–1944), the younger brother of Chōyū, is a famous karate master, often presented as the greatest karate master in all Okinawan history, and known mondially. He moved to Ōsaka during the Taishō Period and started the diffusion of karate in Japan. He is the creator of the Motobu kenpō school.

Chōfu Kyan

(1839–1910), who was called before the fall of the kingdom , was from a cadet branch of the House of Motobu, the ). He became through marriage the head of the . He was a famous karate master who studied with Sōkon Matsumura.

Chōtoku Kyan

Chōtoku Kyan (1870–1945) was the third son of Chōfu Kyan. Although he became by adoption the head of the Motonaga family, he is mainly known under his former name of Kyan. He also was a famous karate master, having studied with his father, Sōkon Matsumura and Kōsaku Matsumora.

Chōsei Motobu

Chōsei Motobu (born in 1925) is the current head of the House of Motobu. He is Chōki Motobu's son, born in Ōsaka. He is a master of the Motobu kenpō karate school that was developed by his father. He also learnt the Mutubu-udundī with Seikichi Uehara starting in 1976 and inherited the title of master of the Mutubu-udundī.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of the House of Motobu is a inscribed into a circle. The hijaigumun is the symbol of the royal family of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, and can only be doned by families descending from the royal family. It is very often used by the houses of the udun rank for their coat of arms, associated with other elements (here a circle).

Notes and references

Notes

References