Hoàng Hoa Thám (1858 – 1913) also known as Commander Thám (), was a Vietnamese feudal lord of Yên Thế, the leader of the Yên Thế Insurrection that held out against French protectorate in Tonkin for 30 years.
Born ÃÂoàn VÃÂn Nghéa (段æÂÂ義ï¼Âin Tiên Lữ, Hðng Yên, Hoàng Hoa Thám (é»Âè±æ¢) was the better known adopted name whilst his nom-de-guerre was ÃÂá» Thám (). "ÃÂá»Â" is the shortened form of "ÃÂá» ÃÂá»Âc" (æÂÂç£), denoting the rank of a commander, an appellation adopted by Hoàng Hoa Thám as he was never commissioned by the Nguyá» n court.
Hoàng Hoa Thám's parents had both died after joining a resistance group in the mountains rallying against the Court of Huế. Seeking anonymity, his paternal uncle fled to the Yên Thế area, changing the family name from Trðáng to Hoàng.
As the Protectorate consolidated control in Tonkin, French troops under Joseph Gallieni swept thru Yên Thế in 1890-91, routing most of the resistance fighters. Gallieni's campaign however was halted when ÃÂá» Thám attacked the railway, seizing trains, supplies and even capturing a local official for ransom. Against Gallieni's wishes, the French authorities agreed to make peace, granting ÃÂá» Thám a regional fiefdom. This made him the rallying cry for other anti-French movements. Subsequent military campaigns chipped away at the fiefdom but ÃÂá» Thám's exploits and fame proved to be a thorn in the flank of the Protectorate well into the early decades of the 20th century.
ÃÂá» Thám's was assassinated in Thái Nguyên by one of his men, Lðáng Tam Kỳ, on 10 February (or March 18) 1913.
Thám's killer was a former commander in the Black Flag Army who had become an agent for the colonial French in Tonkin.
Hoàng Hoa Thám is respected as a national hero in Vietnam. Many buildings and streets are named after him, but also Operation Hoàng Hoa Thám during the Vietnam War.