Henri Chermezon (12 May 1885, Paris – 15 January 1939, Strasbourg) was a French botanist.
From 1906 he worked as a botanical assistant at the Sorbonne in Paris. In 1919 he became chef des travaux in the department of botany at the University of Strasbourg, where he later served as a lecturer (maître de conférences, from 1927) and as professor (from 1929). In 1936 he was named director of its botanical garden.
He was a specialist in regards to tropical Cyperaceae (sedges), especially plants native to Madagascar. He also published works on sedges found in Senegal, Gabon, the Comoros, Belgian Congo and Ubangi-Shari. He is commemorated in the specific epithet of certain plants, examples being Carex chermezonii (<small>Luceño & MartÃÂn-Bravo</small>), or Cyperus chermezonianus.