Since India gained independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress (INC) has seen a number of splits and breakaway factions. Some of the breakaway organisations have survived as independent parties, some have become , while others have merged with the parent party or other political parties.
https://eci.nic.in/eci_main/mis-Political_Parties/Constitution_of_Political_Parties/ConstitutionOfINC.pdf