Goodson is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Missouri, United States.
The community is located at the intersection of Missouri Supplemental Routes C and P and is approximately northeast of Bolivar. Goodson is part of the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Goodson was laid out circa 1870, and named after Sam Goodson, an early citizen. A post office called Goodson was in operation from 1874 until 1991.