German submarine U-1271 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.
She was ordered on 23 March 1942, and was laid down on 17 April 1943, at Bremer Vulkan-Vegesacker Werft, Bremen-Vegesack, as yard number 66. She was launched on 8 December 1943, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Erwin Knipping on 12 January 1944.
German Type VIIC/41 submarines were preceded by the heavier Type VIIC submarines. U-1271 had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , an overall beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8-276 double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-1271 was fitted with five torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one Flak M42 and two C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and fifty-two.
On 9 May 1945, U-1271 surrendered at Bergen, Norway, before participating in any war patrols. She was later transferred to Loch Ryan, Scotland on 2 June 1945. Of the 156 U-boats that eventually surrendered to the Allied forces at the end of the war, U-1271 was one of 116 selected to take part in Operation Deadlight. U-1271 was towed out and sank on 8 December 1945.
The wreck now lies at .