George Tupou II (; 18 June 1874 â 5 April 1918) was the King of Tonga from 18 February 1893 until his death. He was officially crowned at Nukuûalofa, on 17 March 1893. He was also the 20th Tuûi Kanokupolu.
Siaosi (George) Tupou II was related to his predecessor and founder of the united Tongan Kingdom, King George Tupou I, TÃÂufaûÃÂhau Tupou I on both sides of his family. His father was Prince Tuûi Pelehake Fatafehi Toutaitokotaha, who was also Prime Minister of Tonga in 1905. Fatafehi's mother SÃÂlote Pilolevu was a daughter of TÃÂufaûÃÂhau Tupou I. Siaosi Tupou II's mother was Fusipala Taukiûonetuku, a daughter of TÃÂvita ûUnga who was a son of TÃÂufaûÃÂhau Tupou I.
Tupou II's reign was troubled by government corruption and inefficiency. The Tongan Parliament in 1900 was suspicious of Tupou II's governing and audited his accounts several times, finding discrepancies worth thousands of pounds. The expatriate community in Tonga called for its annexation to New Zealand.
Before he was married to Lavinia Veiongo, he had an intimate relationship with Margaret Cocker, which resulted in two children, Uaia and Ana Fakalelu Kihe Fana. These two children were kept a secret due to the implications of the King having relations with a commoner from England. Uaia continued to live in the palace while his sister Ana was entrusted into the care of a chieftain of Uiha Malupo (Takapautolo). He had a close relationship with his daughter SÃÂlote.
He shared his common love of writing songs and poems with his earlier Hawaiûian colleague Kalakaua. He is also known for his support of constructing cement water tanks (vaisima) throughout Tonga to provide clean water to the people and improve public health.
He ascended the throne at the age of 18, upon the death of his great-grandfather George Tupou I, at which time he was still a bachelor. In 1896, the chiefs of the country urged him to marry and produce an heir. After her death, the chiefs suggested a new wife, ûOfa-ki-Vavaûu, the daughter of MÃÂûatu from Niuatoputapu, who was related to the Tuûi Haûatakalaua line. George, however, refused. In 1898, the King intended to marry Jane (Eugenie) von Treskow, the half-caste daughter of the German Vice-Consul Waldemar von Treskow, but Parliament registered its objection to this choice when it presented Tupou with its own nominations. Finally, on 1 June 1899, he took Lavinia Veiongo (1879âÂÂ1902) as his wife. She was the daughter of Kupuavanua from Vavaûu and Tà Âkanga from Niuafoûou, thus obliging these islands to the throne. Kupuavanua was also, through his mother Lavinia Veiongo (1828âÂÂ1907), a grandson of the last Tuûi Tonga Laufilitonga, thus enabling him to claim rights to that line as well. Nevertheless, the marriage nearly started a civil war. For years, relations between the king and the rest of the country remained tense. In addition to his inept governance, this ongoing strain led in 1900 to Tonga's becoming a British protectorate.
Queen Lavinia died on 25 April 1902 from tuberculosis, leaving one child, SÃÂlote (born 13 March 1900). She was considered unpopular as she was perceived as being born from the 'wrong' mother; so much so that it was not safe for her to go outside the palace garden. When Siaosi married for the second time, on 11 November 1909, to the then 16-year-old ûAnaseini Takipà  Afuha'amango, a half-sister of the rejected ûOfakivava'u, the chiefs were jubilant. It was customary in pre-modern Polynesia for a defeated chief either to be killed or to be exiled. As such, it was a fortunate excuse that SÃÂlote had to go to school in Auckland and so she could be put on the December steamer to New Zealand.
Queen Anaseini Takipà  was the daughter of Tae Manusa and Tevita Ula Afuha'amango. Tae Manusa was the highest ranking woman in Tonga (after the death of the last TamahÃÂ) as she had a direct bloodline to Tu'iHa'atakalaua and Tu'iKanokupolu, which made her daughters the perfect option for Tupou II to marry.
Tae Manusa was the daughter of Penisimani Latuselu Kaho and his wife (also his first cousin) Ilaisa'ane Tupou'ahau (daughter of Maealiuaki Fatukimotulalo Tu'iHa'atakalaua). Penisimani Latuselu was also the son of Nunufa'ikea Tuita and Paluleleva Mulikiha'amea (sister of Maealiuaki and the Mehekitanga of Tupou'ahau). Both Nunufa'ikea and Paluleleva were great-grandchildren of King Ma'afu'o'Tu'itonga Tu'iKanokupolu, which made both Ofakivava'u and Takipà  to be the most suitable brides for George Tupou II.
SÃÂlote would remain in exile for 5 years. Queen Takipà  had still not brought forth a son. Her first daughter, ûOnelua (born 20 March 1911), died of convulsions while only six months, on 19 August 1911; her second daughter, ûElisiva Fusipala Taukiûonetuku (born 26 July 1912), eventually died from tubercular peritonitis on 21 April 1933 aged 20. The hope the envying chiefs had had on an heir through Takipà  was fading, and the hope for supporters of SÃÂlote's rose. The need to find a politically acceptable husband for her became imperative, and he was found in the end in Tungë Mailefihi, a cousin of ûOfa.
Siaosi had also a few children from other women. Some of these descendants became prominent politicians in Fiji, such as Edward Cakobau. Other children became high-ranking chiefs in Tonga itself (Vëlai Tupou, father of Baron Vaea). His own government was ineffective with some ministers contemplated permitting British annexation of the country. The death of the king in April 1918 was soon followed by his wife Takipà  (1 March 1893 â 26 November 1918) from the infamous Spanish flu epidemic raging in Tonga. Siaosi's daughter SÃÂlote succeeded him and was proclaimed Queen SÃÂlote Tupou III.
He was Grand Master of the Royal Orders of Tonga that he founded:
Fatafehi Toutaitokotaha first had a child with Finau Fangupo (daughter of Lavaka Fanagupo of Pea)before he married and gave birth to George Tupou 2.