Ruth Gabriela Cano Ortega is a Mexican historian focused on the history of women in Mexico and sexual diversity during the Porfirian, revolutionary and post-revolutionary periods of Mexico. She specializes in gender analysis. Cano is a professor at the El Colegio de México.
Cano completed a Ph.D. in the history of Mexico at the School of Philosophy and Letters, UNAM. Her 1996 dissertation was titled, De la Escuela Nacional de Altos Estudios a la Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, 1910-1929 : un proceso de feminizacion. Her doctoral advisor was Javier Garciadiego.
Cano is a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences.