4-(dimethylamino)pyridine(DMAP) is a nucleophilic catalyst that was frequently used for the acylation of alcohols and the rearrangement of O-acylated enolates. Due to the need for an enantioselective version of this catalyst, Gregory Fu ÃÂ-complexed the heterocycle with a metal and added a substituent to the 2nd position on the ring. This resulted in a planar chiral DMAP, which can be used as an enantioselective catalyst.