Duc de Bourgogne was an 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.
She was refitted twice, in 1761 and 1779, when she received a copper sheathing.
On 2 May 1780, she departed from Brest as the flagship of the 7-ship and 3-frigate Expédition Particulière under Admiral Ternay, escorting 36 transports carrying troops to support the Continental Army in the War of American Independence. The squadron comprised the 80-gun Duc de Bourgogne, under Admiral Ternay and Médine (flag captain); the 74-gun , under Sochet Des Touches, and , under La Grandière; and the 64-gun under Lombard, under Bernard de Marigny, Jason under La Clocheterie and under Le Gardeur de Tilly, and the frigates under Villeneuve Cillart, under La Pérouse, and . Amazone, which constituted the vanguard of the fleet, arrived at Boston on 11 June 1780.
She took part in the Battle of Cape Henry on 16 March 1781 under Nicolas-Louis de Durfort.
Duc de Bourgogne took part in the Battle of the Saintes, where she collided with .
In 1792, she was renamed Peuple, and then Caton in 1794.
She was condemned in February 1798 at Brest, and eventually broken up in January 1800.