is a fictional character and the protagonist of Nintendo's Star Fox series. He is an anthropomorphic red fox created by Shigeru Miyamoto and designed by Takaya Imamura. Fox first appeared as the sole playable character in the 1993 video game Star Fox. Across the series, the player controls Fox as he pilots his spacecraft, the Arwing, with gameplay varying by title. He serves as the leader of the Star Fox team, undertaking missions alongside his wingmates. Fox has also appeared in other video game franchises, including as a playable character in every installment of the Super Smash Bros. series.
During the development of the original Star Fox, Miyamoto sought to enhance player engagement beyond the core gameplay by introducing a cast of characters, with Fox as the central protagonist. The character was partly inspired by MiyamotoâÂÂs visit to the Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto, Japan, which is known for its numerous fox statues. Miyamoto relayed this concept to Imamura, who developed FoxâÂÂs visual design. Elements of FoxâÂÂs personality and facial features were based on Miyamoto.
Fox McCloud has been widely regarded as one of the most recognizable characters in video games. In the Super Smash Bros. series, he is particularly notable in competitive play, especially in Super Smash Bros. Melee, where he is often considered one of the strongest characters. His prominence in competitive play contributed to the popularization of the phrase "No items, Fox only, Final Destination", an internet meme used to parody highly competitive playstyles, which has since spread beyond the Super Smash Bros. series.
Fox is the main protagonist of the Star Fox series, serving as the team's leader and the franchise's main protagonist. Following in his deceased father James McCloud's footsteps as a mercenary, Fox is a highly skilled pilot and combatant. Cocky and playful, Fox has a strong loyalty to his team.
Fox first appears in 1993's Star Fox for the Super NES as the leader of Team Star Fox, alongside Falco, Slippy, and Peppy. He and his team face off against Andross and his empire. He and his team later appear in 1997 game Star Fox 64, fighting against Andross as well as other enemies such as Wolf O'Donnell, Fox's rival.
Fox appears in a prequel comic released prior to the 2002 game Star Fox Adventures. In the game itself, Fox fights on his own on the ground, helping Dinosaur Planet and a vixen named Krystal against an attack by a man named General Scales, allying with a triceratops named Prince Tricky, and eventually culminating in a fight against Andross once more. In 2005's ', Fox works alongside a number of allies to fight against the threat of the Aparoid race, a species who seeks to assimilate all life into itself. 2006's Star Fox Command, sees Fox fighting against the Anglar Empire, now without his team as a result of them splitting paths.
As Command has nine different outcomes, it is uncertain which is the true path Fox and crew take, and even whether or not Command is even canon to the series. Despite this, the developers have suggested that any sequel might ignore the endings and instead pick up the story from the middle. Fox later appears in 2016 game Star Fox Zero, a reboot of the series, where he seeks to defeat Andross once more. He also appears in 2017 game Star Fox 2, an initially scrapped game that released decades later.
Outside of the Star Fox series, Fox McCloud has appeared in all five Super Smash Bros. games as a playable character, where he fights by himself outside of his ship. Fox also makes an appearance in the 2018 game ', where he is a playable character in its Nintendo Switch version. Costumes based on Fox are unlockable in the games Bayonetta 2 (2014) and the Wii U port of Tekken Tag Tournament 2. Fox is currently set to appear in the animated film The Super Mario Galaxy Movie (2026).
In 1992, Nintendo and British company Argonaut Software collaborated to produce a 3D space shooter for the Super NES, provisionally titled 'SnesGlider'. The development team, led by Shigeru Miyamoto, redesigned what had been a tech demo into a rail shooter, from Nintendo designing the game and Argonaut handling the programming aspects. However, without a story, it lacked any incentive to play beyond flying and shooting. Miyamoto sketched out a universe but could not decide on a "natural hero" to convey a sense of an epic space saga, and a variety of names were under consideration early in development while this was being hashed out. Miyamoto eventually landed on a fox as a potential design after visiting the Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto, creating the concept behind Fox and the other Star Fox pilots.
Fox and the other characters were subsequently visually designed by Takaya Imamura. Imamura initially intended to draw the characters in-line with the artstyle of a prior game he worked on, F-Zero, and was surprised by Miyamoto's suggestion to make the cast animals. After checking with Argonaut to see the popularity of animal characters overseas, Imamura went ahead with designing the cast. According to Dylan Cuthbert, a programmer working with Argonaut, Fox's inclusion in the original game came late into development, only a few months before the original game's launch. Imamura believed that the anthropomorphic styling of the characters, including Fox, helped players feel empathy towards the characters in Star Fox. Cuthbert noted that the animal designs gave the game a more "Nintendo vibe", as before the game had drawn upon the gritty style of British science-fiction due to it being developed by Argonaut. He stated that Miyamoto felt that the Japanese audience was not ready for that style of game, and the characters would help make the game more successful on the market. Personalities of the various main team members were based off staff members, with Fox's personality being based off of Miyamoto. According to Imamura, Fox's face was also based on Miyamoto's. Fox's name was suggested by Cuthbert. According to Cuthbert, Miyamoto showed him the characters from the game, and off the top of his head, named all of them except for Falco. Fox's last name, McCloud, was a play on the traditional Scottish Gaelic name McLeod.
During development of the original game, Fox's design remained more or less unchanged. Though initially members of the army of the planet that appears in game, they were eventually made into members of a mercenary unit after Miyamoto's suggestion to make the team members "outlaws". In Star Fox Adventures and Star Fox: Assault, Fox was given a more realistic appearance, with more detailed fur. This would later be changed to a more cartoonish appearance in 2006's Star Fox Command, as, according to Imamura, realistic fur was unpopular with players. For Adventures, due to the game's development, which resulted in concepts of Adventures being merged with the scrapped game Dinosaur Planet, the game was designed around Fox fighting outside of his ship, with Imamura greatly wanting him to use a gun. Eventually, the team landed on using a staff taken from Krystal as Fox's main weapon, as Dinosaur Planet<nowiki/>'s gameplay system meant that this gameplay system would control better. The later inclusion of a visor in Fox's design in Star Fox Zero was done to give players the idea that the dialogue heard during in-game flight sections was coming out of a headset on Fox's head.
Fox and other Star Fox members have legs that appear to be made out of metal. As a result, there was a fan theory stating that Fox McCloud, along with other Star Fox members, had their legs amputated and replaced with metal prostheses; Cuthbert later stated that the characters' legs were not amputated and that they were just wearing boots, and Miyamoto stated that the appearance of metal legs was a design choice rather than an indication that the legs were amputated; he wanted the characters to appear more human, and was unaware of any issues faced by fighter pilots at the time.
Fox was considered to be a playable character in the 2015 game ', though he was ultimately scrapped and replaced by Bowser in the final version. His inclusion in ' came about due to Nintendo being deeply impressed by the game, with the company wanting to incorporate Star Fox characters into it as a result.
Fox has been voiced by a variety of actors. In the video games in English, he has been voiced by Daniel Owsen, Mike West, Joe Zieja, Steve Malpass, and Jim Walker. Glen Powell is currently set to voice the character in the English release of The Super Mario Galaxy Movie. In Japanese, Fox has been voiced by Shinobu Satouchi, Kenji Nojima, and Takashi à Âhara.
Since the release of the original Star Fox, Fox McCloud has gained a cult following. Several publications have listed Fox as one of the most popular characters in video games, and Fox, alongside his series, have been considered icons of popular culture and gaming as a whole. Despite his popularity, his inclusion in Star Fox Adventures, originally a non-Star Fox game, has been cited as damaging the wider brand, particularly due to his usual presence in flight-based games. However, Complex<nowiki/>'s Gus Turner stated that the game helped with giving players the opportunity to more directly engage with Fox's character.
Fox has had a major impact in the Super Smash Bros. series, where he has historically been considered one of its best characters. In particular, he is well-known for appearing in Super Smash Bros. Melee, as the game lacks few high level competitive characters and Fox is widely considered among its best. Fox is a dominant force within the game's competitive scene, and has grown unpopular within it due to his omnipresence in said matches. Due to Fox's dominance in Super Smash Bros. Melee, an internet meme has arose dubbed "No items, Fox only, Final Destination". This meme exaggerated the tendencies of competitive players to adjust settings for maximum competitive fairness, as Final Destination was a popular stage choice, while playing without items was a popular ruleset. It is often used to criticize or tease hardcore competitive players of the series. This meme has been referenced in other games, including Among Us, and would later be used in terminology within the Mario Kart franchise. Nintendojo writer Mel Turnquist has stated the meme to be "timeless" due to the fact that these kinds of players would always be present in any fighting game's competitive scene.