Filaret Mykhailovych Kolessa (; 17 July 18713 March 1947) was a Ukrainian composer, ethnographer, folklorist, musicologist and literary critic. He was a member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society from 1909, from 1929, and the founder of Ukrainian ethnographic musicology.
Filaret Mykhailovych Kolessa was born on 17 July 1871 in the Galician village of Tatarske, now the village of Pishchany, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. He studied at the University of Vienna under the composer Anton Bruckner from 1891 to 1892, and completed his studies at the Lviv University in 1896.
Filaret taught in high schools in Lviv, Stryi, and Sambir. He worked with the composer Mykola Lysenko, and the writers Ivan Franko and Lesya Ukrainka. In 1918, he defended his dissertation at the University of Vienna and received the title Doctor of Philology. He studied the rhythms of Ukrainian folk songs of Galicia, Volhynia and Lemkivshchyna. From 1939 he was a professor at Lviv University, from 1940 the director of the State museum of Ethnography in Lviv, director of the Lviv section, of the Institute for Art studies, Folklore and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR (from 1940), and a participant at international conferences of musicologists and philologists at Prague, Warsaw, Vienna, and Antwerp.
Kolessa died on 3 March 1947. He was buried in Lviv at Lychakiv Cemetery.
Filaret had a brother, . He was also the father of Mykola Kolessa and the uncle of Lubka Kolessa.
Author of numerous choral works and arrangements of Ukrainian folk. Manuscript on the "History of Ukrainian ethnography" is still unpublished.