FRA DOTX 219 (commonly shortened to DOTX 219; originally known as T-19) is a self-propelled track geometry car owned by the Automated Track Inspection Program (ATIP), a division of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) in the United States. DOTX 219 measures several different aspects of track geometry, such as track gauge and rail cant. DOTX 219 was built by ENSCO, Plasser & Theurer, and Colorado Railcar, and began service in late April 2007. DOTX 219 and its collected data has had several uses, such as in train derailment investigations.
DOTX 219 has several systems onboard for measuring different aspects of track geometry. The Track Geometry Measurement System (TGMS) measures track gauge (the width between the rails), rail cant (how much higher one rail is to the other), and calculates speed limits for curves; the Transverse Rail Profile System (TRPS) measures rail profile (the shape of the rail) in real time; the Differential Global Positioning System DGMS/LDS (DGPS) uses a geographic coordinate system to give coordinates to a track defect; and the Ride Quality Measurement System (RQMS) measures the ride quality for passenger trains. DOTX 219 is able to use its measurement systems up to , and is able to process data up to . DOTX 219 can move under its own power, but it can also be towed by a locomotive.
DOTX 219 uploads its collected track data to the Track Data Management System (TDMS) â an archive of track data collected since 1998 â via the satellite-based Mobile Broadband Internet System (MBIS). The crew of DOTX 219 uses the Digital Survey Log (DSL) to log information about a survey's progress and delays. The crew also uses the Digital Track Notebook (DTN), a handheld computer which can be used as a reference manual for railroad regulations, and can synchronize data from the aforementioned measurement systems. DOTX 219 can determine if track is defective; however, it cannot determine if faultless track is about to become defective.
The amenities inside of DOTX 219 include closets, five lockers, one bathroom, a galley, a server room, and a rear observation area. DOTX 219 has operating controls only on its front end, which is designated with an "F". DOTX 219 has seating for 20 people, including the engineer: eight people in the rear observation area, four in the galley, four in the server room, and four in the front end. DOTX 219 is not fitted with cab signalling, automatic train stop, or automatic train control.
The Automated Track Inspection Program (ATIP) is a division of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) which oversees automated track inspections on railroads in the United States. At the time, the FRA focused its automated track inspections for frequently used railroad lines, especially lines which carried hazardous materials and passengers. Track inspections would have to be , as opposed to manual inspections where subtle track defects would be difficult to identify.
DOTX 219 was built by ENSCO, Plasser & Theurer, and Colorado Railcar, as part of a contract for two new track geometry cars, with the other of which being DOTX 220. DOTX 219 and 220 were originally designated as T-19 and T-20, respectively. While DOTX 219 was under construction in March 2006, it was scheduled to be shipped from Linz, Austria to Galveston, Texas on December 15, 2006. DOTX 219 was delivered to the FRA in 2007. After DOTX 219 and 220 were delivered, there were five track geometry cars owned by the FRA; three were owned by ATIP and two were owned by the Office of Policy and Development. The FRA anticipated DOTX 219 to enter service on March 1, 2007. DOTX 219 entered service in late April 2007.
The predominant use of DOTX 219 is to perform track geometry inspections in the United States. After DOTX 219 entered service, the FRA would increase the frequency of its track inspections; DOTX 219 travelled in , and travelled in . DOTX 219 surveys about of track annually. DOTX 219 has been used for over 1,400 reports for track defects since January 27, 2016. DOTX 219 is frequently paired with DOTX 223 â a with no measurement systems â during inspections.
In 2006, ENSCO had contracted the FRA to perform testing with a DOT-111 tank car â which had been fitted with strain gauges, accelerometers, and a transducer for brake pressure â in order to determine the cause for fracturing on stub sills. DOTX 219 was connected with "the instrumented tank car" to provide coordinates and new track geometry data with the data measured by the tank car. From February 28, 2010, to March 2, 2010, DOTX 219 and the tank car were moved from Baldwin, Florida to Tampa, Florida. From March 4, 2010, to March 7, 2010, DOTX 219 and the tank car were moved three times between Tampa, Florida and Waycross, Georgia.
On April 1, 2011, the FRA published a final rule (CFR ç 213.234) mandating automated track inspections to measure rail seat deterioration "to within of an inch []" for tracks with concrete crossties, as a result of the Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008. On May 27, 2011, the Association of American Railroads (AAR) sent a petition of reconsideration to the FRA for ç 213.234(d), arguing that track geometry cars at the time could not "measure rail seat deterioration at all, let alone within of an inch []". While the FRA agreed that their track geometry cars could not measure rail seat deterioration, they also stated that measuring rail profile and rail cant â which be measured by DOTX 219 â could be used to indicate possible locations for rail seat deterioration. The FRA further stated that automated track inspections should not be the sole method to find locations of rail seat deterioration, but should instead be used to assist in manual inspections.
The data collected by DOTX 219 has been used in train derailment investigations. The FRA used data from DOTX 219 for a derailment in Riddleville, Georgia, which occurred on August 7, 2015. DOTX 219 surveyed the location of the derailment on February 19, 2015, and found no defects. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) launched an investigation for a derailment in Fort Worth, Texas, which occurred on April 24, 2019. A track inspection report created with DOTX 219 on April 10, 2012, was used in the investigation.