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Exophthalmus

Exophthalmus is a genus of broad-nosed weevils in the family Curculionidae. It contains 85 described species.

Taxonomy

Exophthalmus was named for the first time by Carl Johan Schönherr in 1823 (column 1140). It belongs in the tribe Eustylini.

In revising the Jamaican species, Vaurie offers an overview to the genus and its taxonomic conflicts. A preliminary phylogeny for Exophthalmus and its allies was presented by Franz. It is part of the so-called "Exophthalmus genus complex" which involves members of the genera Diaprepes, Compsus, Lachnopus, among others. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, it has been proposed that the genus needs to be reclassified to better reflect the actual distribution of natural clades.

Description

In general, Exophthalmus species are characterized by the smooth and broad longitudinal bridge running longitudinally across the rostrum. There is a lot of variation in sizes, density, coloration, and patterning of the scale coverage.

Distribution

Species of this genus are present in Central America, northern South America and the Caribbean.

Selected species

  1. Exophthalmus agrestis <small>(Boheman, 1834): 291</small>: Mexico, Paraguay.
  2. Exophthalmus albidus <small>Champion, 1911: 255</small>: Mexico.
  3. Exophthalmus albofasciatus <small>(Champion, 1911): 180</small>: Honduras.
  4. Exophthalmus albolineatus <small>Champion, 1911: 262</small>: Mexico.
  5. Exophthalmus albosquamosus <small>(Sallé, 1855): 268</small>: Dominican Republic.
  6. Exophthalmus albovittatus <small>Champion, 1911: 263</small>: Guatemala.
  7. Exophthalmus annulonotatus <small>Waterhouse, 1879: 423</small>: Colombia, Ecuador.
  8. Exophthalmus aurarius <small>(Gyllenhal, 1834): 12</small>: Guadeloupe.
  9. Exophthalmus bilineatus <small>Champion, 1911: 265</small>: Guatemala.
  10. Exophthalmus caeruleovittatus <small>Champion, 1911: 264</small>: Guatemala.
  11. Exophthalmus carinirostris <small>(Boheman, 1840): 187</small>: Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua.
  12. Exophthalmus carneipes <small>Champion, 1911: 257</small>: Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama.
  13. Exophthalmus chrysopus <small>Chevrolat, 1880: 165</small>: Dominican Republic, Haiti.
  14. Exophthalmus cinerascens <small>(Fabricius, 1792): 452</small>: Hispaniola, French Guiana.
  15. Exophthalmus clathratus <small>Champion, 1911: 26</small>4: Mexico.
  16. Exophthalmus consobrinus <small>(Marshall, 1922): 190</small>: Colombia.
  17. Exophthalmus costatus <small>(Gyllenhal, 1834): 18</small>: Hispaniola.
  18. Exophthalmus crassicornis <small>Kirsch, 1868: 238</small>: Panama, Colombia.
  19. Exophthalmus cupreipes <small>Champion, 1911: 257</small>: Mexico.
  20. Exophthalmus cuprirostris <small>Champion, 1911: 247</small>: Costa Rica.
  21. Exophthalmus depressicollis <small>(Gyllenhal, 1834): 22</small>: Hispaniola.
  22. Exophthalmus distigma <small>Champion, 1911: 259</small>: Guatemala.
  23. Exophthalmus dufaui <small>(Hustache, 1929): 198</small>: Guadeloupe.
  24. Exophthalmus duplicatus <small>Champion, 1911: 263</small>: Mexico.
  25. Exophthalmus farr <small>Vaurie, 1961: 35</small>: Jamaica.
  26. Exophthalmus fasciatus <small>Champion, 1911: 252</small>: Mexico.
  27. Exophthalmus foveicollis <small>(Chevrolat, 1880): 175</small>: Guadeloupe.
  28. Exophthalmus frenatus <small>(Marshall, 1934): 624</small>: Dominican Republic, Haiti.
  29. Exophthalmus gundlachi <small>Chevrolat, 1880: 165</small>: Cuba.
  30. Exophthalmus haitiensis <small>Bovie, 1907: 68</small>: Haiti.
  31. Exophthalmus hemigrammus <small>(Chevrolat, 1880): 197</small>: Martinique.
  32. Exophthalmus hieroglyphicus <small>Chevrolat, 1879: XCVII</small>: Hispaniola.
  33. Exophthalmus humeridens <small>(Marshall, 1934): 623</small>: Cuba.
  34. Exophthalmus humilis <small>(Gyllenhal, 1834): 28</small>: Brazil.
  35. Exophthalmus hybridus <small>(Chevrolat, 1858): 210</small>: Cuba.
  36. Exophthalmus impositus <small>(Pascoe, 1880): 427</small>: Costa Rica, Nicaragua.
  37. Exophthalmus impressus <small>(Fabricius, 1781): 192</small>: Jamaica.
  38. Exophthalmus inaequalis <small>(Gyllenhal, 1834): 23</small>: Hispaniola.
  39. Exophthalmus interpositus <small>Champion, 1911: 253</small>: Mexico.
  40. Exophthalmus interruptus <small>(Chevrolat, 1880): 165</small>: Guadeloupe.
  41. Exophthalmus jekelianus <small>(White, 1858): 357</small>: Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia.
  42. Exophthalmus laetus <small>(Olivier, 1807): 326</small>: Dominican Republic, Haiti.
  43. Exophthalmus lepidus <small>(Chevrolat, 1858): 210</small>: Cuba.
  44. Exophthalmus leucographus <small>(Gyllenhal, 1834): 19</small>: Hispaniola.
  45. Exophthalmus lunaris <small>Champion, 1911: 266</small>: Belize, Guatemala, Mexico.
  46. Exophthalmus maculosus <small>Chevrolat, 1879: XCVIII</small>: Cuba.
  47. Exophthalmus mannerheimi <small>Boheman, 1840: 338</small>: Dominican Republic, Haiti.
  48. Exophthalmus margaritaceus <small>Champion, 1911: 255</small>: Honduras, Nicaragua.
  49. Exophthalmus marginicollis <small>(Chevrolat, 1880): 175</small>: Guadeloupe.
  50. Exophthalmus marmoreus <small>(Gyllenhal, 1840): 352</small>: Guadeloupe.
  51. Exophthalmus martinicensis <small>Chevrolat, 1879: XCVIII</small>: Martinique.
  52. Exophthalmus mixtus <small>Chevrolat, 1880: 165</small>: Cuba.
  53. Exophthalmus murinus <small>(Rosenschoeld, 1840): 354</small>: Suriname.
  54. Exophthalmus nicaraguensis <small>Bovie, 1907: 327</small>: Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama.
  55. Exophthalmus nubilus <small>(Rosenschoeld, 1840): 355</small>: Mexico.
  56. Exophthalmus obsoletus <small>(Olivier, 1807): 325</small>: Haiti.
  57. Exophthalmus opulentus <small>(Boheman, 1840): 365</small>: Guatemala, Mexico.
  58. Exophthalmus ornatus <small>Champion, 1911: 253</small>: Guatemala.
  59. Exophthalmus parentheticus <small>(Marshall, 1922): 191</small>: Ecuador.
  60. Exophthalmus pictus <small>(Guérin-Méneville, 1847): 9</small>: Cuba.
  61. Exophthalmus plicatus <small>Champion, 1911: 268</small>: Panama.
  62. Exophthalmus pugnax <small>(Olivier, 1807): 349</small>: Haiti.
  63. Exophthalmus pulchellus <small>Boheman, 1834: 5</small>: South America.
  64. Exophthalmus pulverulentus <small>(Champion, 1911): 180</small>: Nicaragua.
  65. Exophthalmus quadrivittatus <small>(Olivier, 1807): 325</small>: Dominican Republic, Haiti.
  66. Exophthalmus quindecimpunctatus <small>(Olivier, 1807): 300</small>: Puerto Rico.
  67. Exophthalmus roralis <small>(Boheman, 1840): 356</small>: Mexico.
  68. Exophthalmus roseipes <small>(Chevrolat, 1876): CCXXVII</small>: Puerto Rico.
  69. Exophthalmus scalaris <small>(Boheman, 1840): 349</small>: Costa Rica, Cuba.
  70. Exophthalmus scalptus <small>Champion, 1911: 259</small>: Costa Rica.
  71. Exophthalmus similis <small>(Drury, 1773): pl. XXXIII</small>: Jamaica.
  72. Exophthalmus sphacelatus <small>(Olivier, 1807): 319</small>: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico.
  73. Exophthalmus squamipennis <small>Gemminger, 1871: 119</small>: Hispaniola.
  74. Exophthalmus sulcicrus <small>Champion, 1911: 268</small>: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia.
  75. Exophthalmus sulcipennis <small>Champion, 1911: 265</small>: Guatemala.
  76. Exophthalmus sulphuratus <small>Chevrolat, 1879: XCVII</small>: Cuba.
  77. Exophthalmus tessellatus <small>Champion, 1911: 262</small>: Costa Rica.
  78. Exophthalmus triangulifer <small>Champion, 1911: 261</small>: Costa Rica, Panama.
  79. Exophthalmus verecundus <small>(Chevrolat, 1833): 16</small>: El Salvador, Mexico.
  80. Exophthalmus vermiculatus <small>Champion, 1911: 264</small>: Mexico.
  81. Exophthalmus viridilineatus <small>Champion, 1911: 266</small>: Panama.
  82. Exophthalmus viridipupillatus <small>(Cockerell, 1893): 374</small>: Jamaica.
  83. Exophthalmus vitraci <small>(Fleutiaux & Sallé, 1889): 380</small>: Guadeloupe.
  84. Exophthalmus vittatus <small>(Linnaeus, 1758): 380</small>: Jamaica.
  85. Exophthalmus vitticollis <small>Champion, 1911: 256</small>: Belize, Guatemala.

References