The Eurovision Song Contest 2008 was the 53rd edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It consistedfor the first timeof two semi-finals on 20 and 22 May and a final on 24 May 2008, held at the Belgrade Arena in Belgrade, Serbia, and presented by Jovana Jankoviàand à ½eljko JoksimoviÃÂ. It was organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radio Television of Serbia (RTS), which staged the event after winning the for with the song "" by Marija à  erifoviÃÂ.
Broadcasters from forty-three countries participated in the contest, the highest ever number of participants, beating the record of forty-two set the year before. and participated for the first time, while did not participate, mainly due to questions on the semi-final organisation as well as the politicisation of the contest.
The winner was with the song "Believe", performed by Dima Bilan who wrote it with Jim Beanz. , , , and rounded out the top five, with Armenia achieving its best result to date. Of the "Big Four" countries, placed the highest, finishing 16th, while the ended up in last place for the second time in its Eurovision history, after .
The official website, eurovision.tv, streamed national finals for this year's contest live on ESCTV for the first time. Furthermore, for the first time, the winner has been awarded the perpetual glass microphone trophy of the Eurovision Song Contest. The trophy is a handmade piece of sandblasted glass in the shape of a 1950s microphone.
<mapframe width="302" height="280" align="right" text="Location of host venue (red) and press centre (blue)"> [{ "type":"Feature", "geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[20.421358, 44.814153]}, "properties":{"title":"Belgrade Arena","marker-symbol":"stadium","marker-color":"#f00","marker-size":"large"} },{ "type":"ExternalData", "service":"geoshape","ids":"Q33277", "properties":{"title":"Belgrade Arena","fill":"#f00","stroke":"#f00"} },{ "type":"Feature", "geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[20.431111, 44.808889]}, "properties":{"title":"Press centre","marker-symbol":"village","marker-color":"#00f"} }] </mapframe> Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) gained the right to host the contest after "" performed by Marija à  erifoviàwon the in Helsinki, Finland. On 15 May 2007, one day following the final of the 2007 contest, RTS reported that it would host the 2008 contest in Belgrade. The broadcaster chose the Belgrade Arena in Belgrade as the venue for the contest, one of the largest indoor arenas in Europe, with a total capacity of 25,000 seats.
On 14 September 2007, the Mayor of Helsinki handed over the "Eurovision keys" to the Deputy of Belgrade. This ceremony was meant to be a tradition from the 2008 contest and onward, and the ring contains a key from every city that has ever hosted the competition. This tradition continued until 2024.
Following the unilateral Kosovo declaration of independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008, which has resulted in protests and unrest across the country, the host of the event was considered to be changed. The National Television Company of Ukraine (NTU) was considered an option since they came second in 2007. Yleisradio (YLE) were another option, as they hosted the previous year's competition in Helsinki, Finland. Greece's EllinikàRadiofonÃÂa Tileórasi (ERT) also offered the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) to host the contest in Athens, Greece again. It was later decided that the contest would stay in Belgrade, with the EBU giving support. RTS would gain a guarantee of safety and security from the government of Serbia for all visitors and participants. The delegations of , , and had special security. In the end, the contest was held without any incidents.
Eligibility for potential participation in the Eurovision Song Contest requires a national broadcaster with active EBU membership capable of receiving the contest via the Eurovision network and broadcasting it live nationwide. The EBU issued an invitation to participate in the contest to all active members.
On 21 December 2007, the EBU confirmed that 43 countries would be present in Belgrade. , as well as the newest EBU member, , made its debut at the 2008 contest. did not compete; its broadcaster, (ORF), said "we've already seen in 2007 that it's not the quality of the song, but the country of origin that determines the decision."
Automatic grand finalists and exercised voting rights at the first semi-final. , the and Serbia exercised voting rights at the second semi-final. Spain and France each broadcast only the semi-final in which they participated; Germany, Serbia, and the United Kingdom screened both semi-finals (with Germany broadcasting on a delay).
Several of the performing artists had previously competed as lead artists representing the same country in past editions: Charlotte Perrelli had won the contest for ; Dima Bilan had represented ; and Roberto Meloni, a member of Pirates of the Sea, had represented as part of Bonaparti.lv. In addition, Gisela representing Andorra, had provided backing vocals for .
EBU member broadcasters in , , , and confirmed non-participation prior to the announcement of the participants list by the EBU.
On 4 March 2008, RTS revealed that Jovana Jankoviàand à ½eljko Joksimoviàwould be the presenters of the contest. Jankoviàserved as an anchor of the RTS morning show and hosted the allocation draw ceremony held earlier that year, while Joksimoviàrepresented and hosted the allocation draw with Jankoviàin January.
RTS ran a competition that led to the creation of the 2008 contest's branding, logo and the stage. On 1 October 2007, the logo titled "Mama 2008" was announced as the winner among 455 submissions. The stage design, titled "Confluence" was also declared as the winner among 70 submissions. However, due to the negative responses to the design, the logo was subsequently changed, and the new logo was presented in January 2008. The stage design was also eventually changed.
The theme of the contest was based around the "confluence of sound". This was symbolic as Belgrade lies on the confluence of two European rivers, the Sava and Danube. The replacement logo, a treble clef, formed the graphical basis of the design created by Boris MiljkoviÃÂ.
The postcards in the first and second semi-final were based around the creation of the flag of the nation that was to perform next. Each post card had a short story related to each country and its people. During each postcard a short letter was displayed. All were in the national language of the artist's country, with the exception of the Serbian postcard, which consisted of "Welcome to Belgrade" and "Welcome to Serbia" in various languages. The postcards were brought to an end by a stamp with this year's Eurovision logo.
According to RTS the stage represented native identities, history and modern themes, symbols and universally recognised messages. The confluence-themed stage also contained a large number of television and LCD screens. The stage had settings for all new electronic possibilities including some movable parts of the stage. It was designed by Chicago-based David Cushing.
The first semi-final was created around a city theme. The contest opened with a panorama of the city of Belgrade forming in the stage's background with two waves sliding down the stage to meet in the centre â at the confluence, the overall theme of the contest.
The second semi-final was based around the theme of water, which was enhanced by the look of the stage during the interval act where the water formed the main colours of the stage.
The grand final was based on the theme of the confluence. Construction of the stage lasted several days and was carried out by various teams from across Europe. Pyrotechnics were heavily used for the entries from , , , , , the , , and . The stage received positive feedback from the media and fans describing it as "one of the best looking stages in the history of the competition".
At a press conference in Helsinki in May 2007, Svante Stockselius, executive supervisor of the contest for the EBU, announced that the competition's format may be expanded to two semi-finals in 2008 or 2009. On 28 September 2007 it was announced that the EBU had approved the plan of hosting two semi-finals in 2008.
According to Stockselius, there were multiple ideas on how the two semi-finals would be organized, such as prerecording both semi-finals and airing them simultaneously on Thursday 22 May, with each broadcaster airing the semi-final their country competes or votes in; or prerecording one semi-final, while the other one is held live, and airing them simultaneously on Thursday 22 May, with each broadcaster airing the semi-final their country votes in. In both cases, the results sequences would be held live.
Although originally this option was not being considered due to the additional costs to such a production, it was later decided that the two semi-finals would be held on different days, both live, on Tuesday 20 May and 22 May 2008.
Based on research conducted by the EBU's tele-voting partner Digame, the semi-finalists were sorted into the two heats through the drawing of lots, which was seeded to keep countries that have a significant history of voting for each other apart. Each broadcaster had to broadcast the semi-final in which they took part, with the broadcasting of the other semi-final being optional. The draw for the semi-final allocation occurred in the City Assembly of Belgrade on Monday 28 January 2008 at 13:00 CET and was conducted by the hosts of the contest Jovana Jankoviàand à ½eljko JoksimoviÃÂ.
First, two envelopes with 'Semi-Final 1' and 'Semi-Final 2' were drawn. Then, three countries from each pot were chosen randomly to take part in the first semi-final and the other three in the second one. The country left in Pot 5 took part in the first envelope that is drawn. While, the country left in Pot 6 in the second one.
The automatic grand finalist countries chose whether they would broadcast both semi-finals or just one, but viewers from these countries could only vote in one. From the draw conducted, it was decided which of the five grand finalist countries would broadcast and have voting rights in either of the events. The semi-finals were webcast live through Eurovision.tv. The top nine songs from the televoting qualified for the grand final, and a tenth was determined by the back-up juries. Twenty-five songs competed in the grand final.
On 24 January 2008, all 38 countries in the semi-finals were separated into the following pots based on voting history and geographical location:
The draw to decide the running order of the songs in each semi-final and the grand final was conducted at the Heads of Delegation meeting on 17 March 2008.
The first semi-final was held on 20 May 2008 at 21:00 (CEST). All the countries competing in this semi-final were eligible to vote, plus Germany and Spain. The highlighted countries qualified for the final.
Azerbaijan, Greece and Russia were drawn to decide their own running order positions, while the rest were decided randomly.
The second semi-final was held on 22 May 2008 at 21:00 (CEST). All the countries competing in this semi-final were eligible to vote, plus United Kingdom, France and Serbia. The highlighted countries qualified for the final.
Macedonia, Portugal and Denmark were drawn to decide their own running order positions, while the rest were decided randomly.
The grand finalists were:
The grand final was held on 24 May 2008 at 21:00 (CEST) and was won by Russia. 25 countries participated in the final and all 43 participants voted.
Serbia was drawn to decide its own running order position, while the rest were decided randomly.
Russia won with 272 points. Ukraine came second with 230 points, with Greece, Armenia, Norway, Serbia, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Israel and Bosnia and Herzegovina completing the top ten. Croatia, Finland, Germany, Poland and United Kingdom occupied the bottom five positions.
Each participating broadcaster appointed a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing the votes for its respective country. The voting order and spokespersons during the grand final were as follows:
Below is a summary of all 12 points in the first semi-final:
Below is a summary of all 12 points in the second semi-final:
Below is a summary of all 12 points in the grand final:
Most countries sent commentators to Belgrade or commentated from their own country, in order to add insight to the participants and, if necessary, provide voting information.
RTS broadcast the event in 1080i high-definition (HD) and 5.1 surround sound. The new high-definition television system was in place at the Belgrade Arena by April 2008. This is the second year that the event was broadcast live in HD. BBC HD broadcast the contest in High Definition in the United Kingdom. Swedish broadcaster SVT broadcast both the semi-final and the grand final on SVT HD. Lithuanian broadcaster LRT broadcast both the semi-final and the grand final in 1080i high-definition (HD) on their channel LTV. The same occurred on Swiss HD channel HD suisse; on this channel viewers were able to choose the language of the commentary while viewing a semi-final or grand final of the Eurovision Song Contest. However, all other countries broadcast the show only in standard definition, and the event will only be available to buy on a standard-definition DVD; it will not be released on HD-DVD or Blu-ray.
A live broadcast of the Eurovision Song Contest was available worldwide via satellite through European streams such as TVRi, ERT World, ARMTV, TVE Internacional, TRT International, TVP Polonia, RTP Internacional, RTS Sat and SVT Europa. The official Eurovision Song Contest website also provided a live stream without commentary via the peer-to-peer medium Octoshape.
A total of 108.2 million people watched the 3 shows, and 64 million watched the final alone.
The final of the contest became the most watched broadcast in Serbia ever, with 3,350,000 people watching.
In addition to the main winner's trophy, the Marcel Bezençon Awards and the Barbara Dex Award were contested during the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest. The OGAE, "General Organisation of Eurovision Fans" voting poll also took place before the contest.
The Marcel Bezençon Awards, organised since 2002 by Sweden's then-Head of Delegation and 1992 representative Christer Björkman, and 1984 winner Richard Herrey, honours songs in the contest's final. For the only time, the awards were divided into four categories: Artistic Award which was voted by previous winners of the contest, Composers Award, Poplight Fan Award which was voted by fans on the Swedish website poplight.se, and Press Award.
OGAE, an organisation of over forty Eurovision Song Contest fan clubs across Europe and beyond, conducts an annual voting poll first held in 2002 as the Marcel Bezençon Fan Award. After all votes were cast, the top-ranked entry in the 2008 poll was Sweden's "Hero" performed by Charlotte Perrelli; the top five results are shown below.
The Barbara Dex Award is a humorous fan award given to the worst dressed artist each year. Named after Belgium's representative who came last in the 1993 contest, wearing her self-designed dress, the award was handed by the fansite House of Eurovision from 1997 to 2016 and is being carried out by the fansite songfestival.be since 2017.
Eurovision Song Contest: Belgrade 2008 was the official compilation album of the 2008 contest, put together by the European Broadcasting Union and released by EMI Records and CMC International on 12 May 2008.The album featured all 43 songs that entered in the 2008 contest, including the semi-finalists that failed to qualify into the grand final.