Euphorbia aeruginosa is a succulent member of the spurge family native to northern Limpopo Province of South Africa. It grows as a small shrub, in sandy soils and in the fractures of rocks sending up multiple spiny blue-green photosynthetic stems. The plant produces yellow cyathia or flowering heads.
As most other succulent members of the genus Euphorbia, its trade is regulated under Appendix II of CITES.