was the first of the Emperors of Northern Court during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts in Japan. His reign spanned the years from 1331 through 1333.
Before his ascension to the Nanboku-chà  throne, his personal name (his imina) was Kazuhito-shinnà  (éÂÂä»Â親çÂÂ). He was the third son of Emperor Go-Fushimi of the Jimyà Âin line. His mother was Kà Âgimon'in Neishi (åºÂ義éÂÂé¢寧åÂÂ). He was adopted by his uncle, Emperor Hanazono. His family included:
In his own lifetime, Kà Âgon and those around him believed that he occupied the Chrysanthemum Throne from 22 October 1331 until 7 July 1333. Kazuhito-shinnà  was named Crown Prince and heir to Emperor Go-Daigo of the Daikakuji line in 1326. At this time in Japanese history, by decision of the Kamakura shogunate, the throne would alternate between the Daikakuji and Jimyà Âin lines every ten years. However, Go-Daigo did not comply with this negotiated agreement.
In 1331, when Go-Daigo's second attempt to overthrow the shogunate became public, the Shogunate seized him, exiled him to the Oki Islands, and enthroned Kà Âgon on 22 October. Emperor Go-Daigo used the 17-petal chrysanthemum emblem during his exile. He escaped Oki in 1333, with the help of Nawa Nagatoshi and his family, and raised an army at Funagami Mountain in Hà Âki Province (the modern town of Kotoura in Tà Âhaku District, Tottori Prefecture). Meanwhile, Ashikaga Takauji (足å© å°Âæ°Â), the chief general of the Hà Âjà  family, turned against the Hà Âjà  and fought for Emperor Go-Daigo in the hopes of being named shà Âgun. Takauji attacked Hà Âjà  Nakatomi and Hà Âjà  Tokimasu, the Rokuhara Tandai, or chiefs of the Kamakura shogunate in Kyoto. They both fled to the east, but were captured in à Âmi Province. On 7 July 1333, Go-Daigo seized the throne from Emperor Kà Âgon and attempted to re-established Imperial control in what is referred to as the Kenmu Restoration (1333âÂÂ1336). Go-Daigo's attempt failed, however, after Ashikaga Takauji turned against him.
In 1336, Takauji installed Kà Âgon's younger brother on the throne as Emperor Kà Âmyà Â. Go-Daigo fled to Yoshino, in Yamato Province and continued to lay proper claim to the throne, establishing what would come to be known as the Southern Court. Kà Âmyà Â's court remained in Kyoto and would come to be known as the Northern Court. This marked the beginning of the Northern and Southern Courts Period of Japanese history, which lasted until 1392.
In April 1352, taking advantage of a family feud in the Ashikaga clan known as the Kan'à  Disturbance, Emperor Go-Murakami of the Southern Court captured Kyà Âto, and carried away Emperor Kà Âgon, Emperor Kà Âmyà Â, Emperor Sukà Â, and the Crown Prince Tadahito. They finally ended up in Anau, the location of the Southern Court.
Following this, KÃ Âgon was held under house arrest for the remainder of his life. In his final years, he converted to Zen Buddhism, and died on 5 August 1364.
The years of Kà Âgon's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengà Â.