E. Polwhele (or Polewheele; later Lobb?; c. 1651 â c. 1691) was a playwright that became one of the first women to write for the professional stage in Restoration London.
Little is known of Polwhele's life, though she has been tentatively identified as the daughter of nonconformist minister Theophilus Polwhele. That Elizabeth Polwhele was born in or around 1651, married another minister, Stephen Lobb, had five children, died in 1691, and is "probably" the playwright although the identification is "somewhat startling."
A more likely candidate is Ellen Polewheel, baptised 21 Sep 1643 at Tettenhall, the daughter of William Polewheel (1606âÂÂ1654) and granddaughter of Mary Fitton, the notorious maid of honour to Queen Elizabeth. The Fittons did have a history of literature and drama.
Another suggested identification is the "Mrs E. P." who died of smallpox sometime before February 1685 and about whom the poet John Tutchin wrote an elegy, describing her as his "best Friend".
There are records of Polwhele's having written three plays: Elysium, "possibly a religious masque," now lost; The Faythfull Virgins, a tragedy in rhyme; and The Frolicks, a comedy. These latter plays exist only in manuscript. There is also "probably a eulogistic poem."
The Faythfull Virgins was likely performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields about 1670.
The Frolicks was possibly performed by the Duke's Company in 1671 at the new Dorset Garden Theatre; it features Clarabell, a witty Restoration heroine, and Rightwit, a rake. It was dedicated to Prince Rupert and signed "E. Polewheele". In the dedication she mentions performance of both her earlier plays, and continues, "I am young, no scholar, and what I write I write by nature, not by art."
Along with Aphra Behn and Frances Boothby, Polewheele was one of the first women to write for the professional stage in the early Restoration period.
Written in or about 1671, the play existed solely in manuscript form until it was edited and published in a scholarly edition by Cornell University Press in 1977.
On October 11âÂÂ12, 2021, second year students of the Shakespeare and Performance program at Mary Baldwin University in Staunton, Virginia premiered the first confirmed full length production of The Frolicks. The show was produced by the program and directed by Sara Hymes and Gregory Jon Phelps, two members of the Hedgepig Ensemble located in Brooklyn, New York. Hedgepig worked closely with the production's publicity team as the play was selected for Hedgepig's 2021 "Expand the Canon" list.