El mal querer () is the second studio album (and first of original material) by Spanish singer and songwriter RosalÃÂa. It was released on 2 November 2018 by Columbia Records. The album was written by RosalÃÂa and co-produced with El Guincho on an initial low budget as an independent artist. Presented as experimental and conceptual; a "romantic document that seamlessly links flamenco's characteristic melodrama to the storytelling of modern, woman-flexing R&B", the album follows the anonymous 13th-century Occitan novel Flamenca. It served as the singer's baccalaureate project upon her graduation from Catalonia College of Music with honors.
Promotion prior to the album release encompassed the release of three singles: "Malamente", "Pienso en tu mirá"âÂÂboth accompanied by music videos that went viral on social mediaâÂÂand "Di Mi Nombre". Two other singles, "Bagdad" and "De AquàNo Sales", were released after the album. Other promotional initiatives included the display of a billboard in Times Square, as well as live performances at several Spanish festivals, a sold-out concert at Plaza de Colón, the 2018 MTV Europe Music Awards and the Latin Grammy Awards. To further promote the album, RosalÃÂa embarked on the El Mal Querer Tour, which commenced in March 2019 and ended that December.
The album received universal critical acclaim for its experimental productionâÂÂthe use of flamenco elements mixed with pop and urbano musicâÂÂRosalÃÂa's vocals, and accompanying visuals. It became a commercial success, reaching the top of the Spanish Charts and the US Billboard Latin Pop Albums chart. It also scored her second consecutive Premio Ruido win. Since June 2021, El Mal Querer holds the record for the longest-charting album in Spanish history.
All aspects of El Mal Querer, including visuals, engineering, composition and vocals, were highly awarded by the Recording Academy. At the 2018 Latin Grammy Awards, "Malamente" was nominated for five awards including Record of the Year, Song of the Year, Best Short Form Music Video, Best Urban Fusion Performance and Best Alternative Song, winning the latter two, and at the next year's ceremony, the album won for Album of the Year, Best Contemporary Pop Vocal Album, Best Engineered Album and Best Recording Package, while the song "Pienso En Tu Mirá" was nominated for Best Pop Song. With six awards, it became the most awarded album by a female artist and the only female artist to win Album of the Year after Shakira. The album also won the Grammy Award for Best Latin Rock, Urban or Alternative Album at the 62nd Annual Grammy Awards. In the 2020 update of Rolling Stone<nowiki/>'s 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, El Mal Querer was named the greatest Spanish-language album of all time and the 315th best overall. The same magazine placed it in the 50 Best Concept Albums of All Time of 2022, also being the best in Spanish-language and the 10th best overall.
The record cycle for RosalÃÂa's sophomore album, El Mal Querer, began in late 2016 as her baccalaureate project at the Catalonia College of Music. She chose to work alongside Spanish musician El Guincho and spawned its concept alongside friend Ferran Echegaray, who bet on the Romance of Flamenca to follow the album's storyline. Thus, every song on the album would be a chapter of the story narrated in the anonymous Occitan novel. Despite having no budget to produce the record as she was an independent artist working on a university project, RosalÃÂa invested a lot of her own money, to the point of almost going bankrupt. However, she continued working on it, stating that "my goal was to find a way to explain this tradition that I'm obsessed with in the most personal way without fear and with risk. Before releasing the album I was in debt and had no guarantees that this would work but I had the hope that, since I was making it from my heart, whether it was a few or many, that those people that liked it, would like it for real". The album was almost completely recorded at El Guincho's apartment in Barcelona with a computer, a microphone and an audio interface.
At the end of April 2018, RosalÃÂa published a short documentary video to her social networks where she talked about her new album. She said: "Everything I have I am leaving it here; I'm in the red, I'm risking a lot. This project is what I've always wanted to do, I've been thinking for a long time about making an album like the one I'm going to release. The flamenco inspiration is still there but, at the same time, it is something else." Three days after the international release of the song "Brillo", composed in collaboration with Colombian reggaeton singer J Balvin, RosalÃÂa announced on her social networks that she was going to release a new single in the coming days. Finally, on 29 May 2018, "Malamente" was released. RosalÃÂa confessed that El Mal Querer is actually her final bachelor's degree project, graduating from flamenco studies.
El Mal Querer is a flamenco pop, experimental pop and Latin R&B record that mixes flamenco music with contemporary urban sounds drawn from pop and reggaeton. Critics noted the experimental tendencies in the production.
El Mal Querer was widely acclaimed by music critics; at Metacritic, the album received an average score of 89, based on five reviews, indicating "universal acclaim". Writing for The Guardian, head critic Alexis Petridis highly commended the album, giving it the highest rating and describing it as "the calling card of a unique new talent." He praised RosalÃÂa's vocals for giving the album "a head-turning freshness", noting that her singing style "is audibly rooted in a different musical tradition to the usual styles in which pop vocalists perform."
Pitchfork ranked El Mal Querer the sixth best album of 2018, with Philip Sherburne complimenting its combination of traditional and modern styles, and praising RosalÃÂa's voice, saying, "Whether breathy or belting, she's as commanding a presence as Spanish-language pop has encountered in agesâÂÂless an ambassador for flamenco than the inventor of her own fascinating hybrid."
Conversely, RosalÃÂa has been accused of cultural appropriation by some Spanish publications, due to her use of gitano symbology. She is from Catalonia, which has underlying "cultural and political tensions" with Andalusia, the home of flamenco. Paula Ibieta of Phoenix New Times cited "the questionable nature of RosalÃÂa's aesthetic and use of Andalusian slang". RosalÃÂa has responded that the controversy is positive, and that flamenco elements will always be present in her work.
After the release of El Mal Querer, demand skyrocketed for Flamenca, the medieval novel that inspired the album. In September 2019, Roca Editorial reissued the novel, marking it as "a 13th-century classic feminist novel" and noting the inspiration the novel provided for RosalÃÂa's project. Anton M. Espalader, who translated the book into Catalan, stated to Verne, "We have to congratulate RosalÃÂa and thank her for this phenomenon that is not currently occurring in other countries. It is always good news that a medieval novel of these characteristics returns to bookstores." The themes surrounding the narrative of the album, which revolves around the toxicity of a heterosexual relationship, became instruments for teachers and professionals to explain topics related to gender violence. It also became a narrative to analyze didactically in literature courses. Parallelly, El Mal Querer spawned controversy in Spain as it mainly takes inspiration of flamenco and gypsy culture and symbolism. While some personalities and media outlets, like The New York Times, defended RosalÃÂa by saying "the debate on the cultural appropriation of the Spanish singer is unfair: her music embodies, with height, the most eloquent artistic form of globalization: the remix", many others criticized RosalÃÂa's privilege as a white person within the music industry, stating that a Romani female would never have had the same amount of opportunities as her. These topics were analyzed in many college theses. MarÃÂa Guadalupe Benzal AlÃÂa, a degree student in Translation and Interpretation and with a diploma in Intercultural Communication ratified by the Comillas Pontifical University of Madrid, wrote her thesis about the album, which she titled Análisis intercultural del álbum musical de RosalÃÂa Vila, El Mal Querer y el consecuente rechazo de la comunidad gitana española. Peter Manuel, ethnomusicology professor emeritus (CUNY Graduate Center), published the journal article The RosalÃÂa Polemic: Defining Genre Boundaries and Legitimacy in Flamenco also based on the controversy.
All sociology and musicology behind El Mal Querer was compiled in the 2021 essay book Ensayos Sobre el Buen Querer, written by thirteen authors.
Spanish-Croatian artist Filip ÃÂustiàis responsible for the visual aspect of the album. The visuals of El Mal Querer are mainly inspired in contemporary paintings, including The Two Fridas, ÃÂngeles y Fuensanta, Ophelia, Naranjas y Limones, and La Maja Vestida. Upon its release, ÃÂustiàstarted to be cited by the international press as "one of the present day's most sensational young artists". In 2019, he won the Latin Grammy for Best Recording Package. ÃÂustiàlater worked with Lil Nas X on the cover art for his hit single "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)", which resembled The Creation of Adam. Again, the visual art of El Mal Querer became the subject of many college theses, including Raquel Baixauli and Esther González Gea's (both ethnomusicology students) RosalÃÂa y el discurso visual de El Mal Querer. Arte y folclore para un empoderamiento femenino ("RosalÃÂa and the visual discourse of El Mal Querer. Art and folklore for female empowerment") as well as Silvia Vaquero Tramoyeres' essay El Mal Querer de RosalÃÂa: análisis estético, audiovisual e interpretativo. Vaquero is an audiovisual communication student at Technical University of Valencia. Welsh singer Marina explained that ÃÂustiÃÂ's artwork for the album inspired the cover art for her fifth studio album, Ancient Dreams in a Modern Land (2021). The iconicity of this musical era was brought to television in 2021, with the contestants of Drag Race España recreating the looks of it in a special episode called "the night of the thousand RosalÃÂas".
The marketing strategies used to promote the album were often discussed in the Spanish media. They highlighted a very American way to promote the album especially through appearances in MTV and pointed out a big fight to internationalize the singer and turn her into a superstar, yet an underground artist. They also distinguished all the digital marketing around the album. In 2018, RosalÃÂa became one of the first Spanish artists to promote a musical project on a billboard in Times Square. RosalÃÂa was noted for the constant use of long personalized acrylic nails and for the mix of an urban and elegant fashion, which would often receive mixed reviews. She also "took the color red and made it her own" while mixing it with traditional Spanish and Catholic symbolism. She has often made visual references to industrial plants, trucks, suburban culture, bullfighting and Holy Week.
Many critics have seen an increase of popular interest in flamenco music after the release of El Mal Querer, highlighting that RosalÃÂa "has made the harrowing music of Andalusia into a global phenomenon". In 2021, Stereogum noted the cultural influence of RosalÃÂa in Kacey Musgraves' interpretation of Violeta Parra's signature song "Gracias a la Vida", included on her fifth studio album Star-Crossed, as well as in Christina Aguilera's La Fuerza (2022). Various media outlets also saw a resemblance to the intention of El Mal Querer in C. Tangana's 2021 studio album El Madrileño, claiming "it is a kind of continuation of the path El Mal Querer started".
The Spanish singer embarked on a festival tour, El Mal Querer Tour, from March to December 2019. The tour began on March 29 in Buenos Aires, as part of Lollapalooza. RosalÃÂa later performed at other festivals in North America such as Coachella, Made in America and Astroworld, as well as solo concerts in San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York City and Toronto. The latter half of the year brought the tour to Europe, with RosalÃÂa taking part in festivals such as Glastonbury and Primavera Sound. Encore solo shows in Europe happened in December, with five sold-out shows in Paris, London, Barcelona and Madrid.
All tracks produced by El Guincho and RosalÃÂa. All music by RosalÃÂa Vila and Pablo DÃÂaz-Reixa, unless noted otherwise.
Notes
Sample credits
Credits adapted from liner notes.
Musicians
Technical personnel
Concept and artwork