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Eastern Upper Lusatia

Eastern Upper Lusatia (; , ) is a natural region in Germany (Saxony), Czech Republic (Liberec Region) and Poland (Lower Silesian Voivodeship). It is a mesoregion of the Western Sudetes. According to the Saxon division of natural regions, the region as part of the Saxon Loess Fields and divides it into 12 subdivisions at the level of meso-geochores.

Location and boundaries

Eastern Upper Lusatia is a mesoregion of the Western Sudetes within the Bohemian Massif province. The region runs in a north-south direction between the towns of Görlitz and Zittau in Germany to Bogatynia in Poland and Liberec and Jablonec nad Nisou in the Czech Republic. In the north it borders the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape, in the south the Lusatian Mountains and Ještěd–Kozákov Ridge, in the west the Upper Lusatian Gefilde and the Lusatian Highlands, and in the east the Jizera Foothills and Jizera Mountains. Its eastern part is bisected by the Lusatian Neisse River. Geographical features of particular note in the region are the Königshain Hills, the Neisse valley and the old mining landscapes south of Görlitz and in the Zittau Basin.

The highest point is Prosečský hřeben at above sea level, located between the Czech cities of Liberec and Jablonec nad Nisou.

Natural region divisions

In the Czech Republic, the mesoregion has an area of and an average elevation of . It is further subdivided into the microregions of Liberec Valley and Hrádek Basin.

In Poland the mesoregion has an area of about .

According to the German division, the Eastern Upper Lusatia is divided as follows into mesogeochores and microgeochores and hills:

  • 12 Eastern Upper Lusatia
  • 11002 Zittau Basin (65.04 km²)
  • Hirschfeld Neiße Valley
  • Olbersdorf Ridge
  • Northern Zittau Basin
  • Southern Zittau Basin
  • Zittau Neiße and Mandau Valley
  • Olbersdorf Open-Cast Mine (Olbersdorfer See)
  • 11003 Großschönau Basin and Kuppenland (60.97 km² in SN; continues into the Czech Republic)
  • Spitzkunnersdorf Kuppen Region (Hofebusch and Richterberg (469.3 m), Lindeberg 459.3 m Forstenberg 454.8 m, Pfaffenberg 418.1 m, Wiedeberg 396.6 m)
  • Seifhennersdorf Kuppen Region (border region of the otherwise entirely Czech southeastern part of the Lusatian Highlands; Frenzelsberg 468.2 m)
  • Oberoderwitz Kuppen Region (Oberoderwitzer Spitzberg 510.0 m, Großer Stein 471 m, Hofeberg 413.6 m)
  • Großschönau Basin (z. T. in Tschechien); Finkenhübel 410;6 m, Hutberg (371.5 m)
  • Bertsdorf Kuppen Region (Steinberg 442.5 m, Seidelsberg 433.4 m)
  • Hainewald Kuppen Region (Pocheberg 465.8 m, Scheibeberg 422.7 m)
  • Breiteberg Kuppe (510.1 m)
  • Bertsdorf Basin
  • 11004 Großhennersdorf Loess Hills (100.83 km²)
  • Loess Plateau of Klosterwald
  • Großhennersdorf Loess Plateau
  • Sonnenhübel Kuppe (469.3 m)
  • Niederoderwitz Kuppen Region (Pferdeberg 405.5 m, Hutberg 404.5 m)
  • Neundorfer Loess Plateau
  • Loess Plateau of Sonnenhübel
  • Oberoderwitz Loess Plateau
  • Wittgendorf Loess Hills (Buchberg 401.1 m, Steinberg 353.1 m, Schlegelberg 352.6 m)
  • Dittersbach Loess Hills (Knorrberg 380.5 m)
  • Oderwitzer Loess Plateau
  • Großhennersdorf Kuppen Region (Großer Berg 439.2 m, Schönbrunner Berg 428.7 m, Schanzberg 408.0 m, Langer Berg 371.8 m, Eisberg 330,6 m)
  • 11005 Loess Ridge bei Hirschfelde (19.51 km²)
  • Ridge of the Klosterwald (Mitterer Steinberg 345.9 m)
  • Dittelsdorf Loess Riedel
  • Neiße Valley near St. Marienthal
  • 11006 Neugersdorf Loess Ridge (50.14 km² in SN; partly in the Czech Republic)
  • Seifhennersdorf Ridge (partly in the Czech Republic)
  • Neugersdorfer FlachRidgegebiet (partly in the Czech Republic)
  • Eibau-Leutersdorfer Ridgegebiet (partly in the Czech Republic); Lerchenberg 466.7 m, Wacheberg (452 m)
  • 11007 Ruppersdorfer Loess Plateaux (34.78 km²)
  • Obercunnersdorfer Loess Plateau
  • Ruppersdorfer DeckLoess Plateau (Fuchsberg 362.0 m)
  • Euldorfer Loess Plateau
  • 11008 Herrnhuter Loess Hills (60,62 km²)
  • Löbauer Berg-Schafberg Ridge (447.9 m und 450,5 m)
  • Herrnhut Hills (Hutberg 371.9 m, Heinrichberg 357.1 m, Eichler 333.5 m, Roter Berg 331.1 m)
  • Strahwalder Bergkuppen (Wolfsberg 445.1 m; Jäckelberg 395.3 m, Sonneberg 392.6 m)
  • Berthelsdorf Valley Riedel
  • Kemnitz Loess Hills
  • 11009 Loess plateaux on the Eigen (43.67 km²)
  • Loess Plateau of Großer Nonnenwald
  • Altbernsdorf Loess Plateau
  • Loess Plateau of Kleiner Nonnenwald
  • Kiesdorf Loess Plateau (Großer Hutberg 308.0 m, Kleiner Hutberg 298.0 m)
  • 11010 Neiße Valley near Görlitz (33.20 km²)
  • Görlitz Neiße Valley
  • Berzdorf Open-Cast Mine (Berzdorfer See)
  • Ostritz Neiße Valley
  • 11011 Görlitz Loess Plateaux (105.44 km²)
  • Girbigsdorf Loess Plateau
  • Pfaffendorf Loess Plateau
  • Kunnewitz Incline
  • Holtendorf Loess Plateau
  • Landeskrone-Biesnitz Kuppen Region (up to 420.0 m)
  • Town of Görlitz
  • Kunnersdorf Kuppen Region
  • Gersdorf Loess Plateau
  • Emmerichswald Plateau
  • 11012 Reichenbach Loess Hills (79.14 km²)
  • Rotstein Ridge (Rotstein 453.7 m, Hengstberg 421.3 m, Georgenberg 396.5 m, Horkenberg 331.9 m; on the far side of the railway and B 6: Rosenhainer Berg 307.9 m)
  • Sohlander Loess Hills (Paulsdorfer Spitzberg 370,9 m, Heideberg 341.3 m, Steinberg 322.0 m, Silberberg 313.7 m)
  • Kleinradmeritz Loess Plateau (Petzschkenberg: 227.5 m, ridge west of Glossen: a good 220 m)
  • Reichenbach Loess Hills
  • Meuselwitz Loess Hills
  • Mengelsdorf Loess Hills
  • Friedersdorf Hills (Friedersdorfer Berg 398.7 m, Schwarzer Berg 390,5 m, Kreuzberg 365.6 m)
  • 11013 Königshain Hills (66.49 km²)
  • Hills of Liebstein (Liebsteiner Berg: 294.6 m)
  • Niesky-Rengersdorf Slate Hills (Heideberg: 249.9 m)
  • Eichberg-Hutberg Ridge (up to 345.6 m; western Königshain Hills)
  • Arnsdorf Loess Hills, Königshainer Loess Hills
  • Hochstein-Kämpferberg Ridge (397.2 m und 415 m; Königshain Hills)
Notes:

Landscape and geology

The natural region is very varied and characterized by hill ranges, isolated hills, plateau and basins alongside one another. Ice age ground moraines, meltwater sands and the overlying loess soils fill out the granite relief to varying degrees. The loess loam is generally only about 1 to 1.5 m thick. As witnesses to the Tertiary volcanism of the area there are lava plains and isolated hills of basalt and phonolite. In the Zittau and Oderwitz Basin, as well as the Berzdorf Basin there are important deposits of brown coal in the sediments.

Climatically Eastern Upper Lusatia lies partially in the lee of the Upper Lusatian Highlands. For example, only 665 mm of precipitation falls annually. The average annual temperature lies between 8 and 8.6 Ã‚°C. The potential natural vegetation here is Wood Bedstraw-Hornbeam-Oak forest with Small-leaved Limes.

References

Bibliography

  • Mannsfeld, K. und Syrbe, R.-U. (eds.): Naturräume in Sachsen mit Kartenbeilage "Naturräumliche Gliederung Sachsens", in: Forschungen zur deutschen Landeskunde (Vol. 257), Deutsche Akademie für Landeskunde, Selbstverlag, Leipzig, 2008,

External links