Most Bosnian-gauge railway lines were built during the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Several gauge railways were planned in order to link the extensive narrow-gauge railways in the Austro-Hungarian Empire with those in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Until the outbreak of the Balkan Wars in 1912 several were constructed.
Between World War I and World War II the network was extended significantly, at the end connecting the Adriatic Coast with Belgrade, with the network growing to around 1500 km in length.
Construction of a new standard-gauge line from Sarajevo to PloÃÂe on the Adriatic in 1966 replaced the Narentabahn (Narenta railway) from Sarajevo to the coast and isolated the south-western narrow-gauge system from the railways starting at Sarajevo. With the demise of a connecting network all the other remaining narrow-gauge lines were then at risk and restricted to local traffic.
The system based on the Adriatic closed in 1975. By 1979 the rest of the Bosnian lines had closed. In Serbia the last line closed in 1983. The most modern diesel railcars were sold to the Portuguese Railways (where they regauged to metre gauge for use on the Douro Valley metre-gauge lines, such as the Tua line), becoming Portuguese train type 9700.
Central gauge network
"Steinbeis" railways
Approximately 400 km, 1902âÂÂ75.
Built as a group of four main forest railways of the "Bosnische Forstindustrie AG Otto Steinbeis". All four railways started off from Srnetica.
- SrneticaâÂÂÃ
 ipovoâÂÂJajce
- * In Jajce it connected directly further to Donji Vakuf via the Spalato railway)
- Sanski MostSrneticaPrijedor
- * In Prijedor it had an interchange connection to the normal-gauge railway DobrljinBosanski NoviPrijedorBanja Luka.
- SrneticaDrvarLiÃÂka KaldrmaKnin (Croatia)
- * In Knin it had an interchange connection to the normal-gauge railway system of Croatia.
- * "Unska pruga" normal-gauge railway was built in 1948 in the vicinity of this railway in the section between Knin and LiÃÂka Kaldrma, but both railways had their own distinct routes and even operated simultaneously for a short period of time.
- SrneticaGornji Ribnik
These four main forestry railrays had numerous local forestry logging branches near GrmeÃÂ, KlekovaÃÂa, OÃ
¡trelj, ManjaÃÂa and GlamoÃÂ.
"Spalato" railway
Spalato Bahn (Splitska pruga); 104.5 km, built 1893âÂÂ95, Connecting the Steinbeis railway with the Bosna railway.
Bosna railway
Bosnabahn (BHStB), 355.2 km
Railroad's demise:
- A sort-of replacement normal-gauge railroad Bosanski Ã
 amacDobojMaglajZavidoviÃÂiÃ
½epÃÂeZenicaLaÃ
¡vaKakanjVisokoPodlugoviSemizovacSarajevo was built in 1947.
- This caused an immediate closure of the entire central section of the old narrow-gauge Bosna railway from Doboj to Zenica in 1947.
- However, its remaining two sections continued to operate:
- Section "Bosanski BrodDerventaDoboj" operated until 1968, in order to keep the direct-gauge connection of the TesliÃÂ basin railway to Sava river at Bosanski Brod.
- Section "ZenicaâÂÂLaÃ
¡va" continued to operate until 1975 (until the Spalato railway was discontinued), in order to provide direct-gauge connection of Zenica's industry with the areas serviced by Spalato railway.
- Section "LaÃ
¡vaâÂÂKakanjâÂÂVisokoâÂÂSarajevo" continued to operate until 1967 (until the new normal-gauge railroad "SarajevoâÂÂKonjicâÂÂJablanicaâÂÂMostarâÂÂÃÂapljinaâÂÂPloÃÂe" was completed) in order to provide the direct-gauge connection of Zenica's industry with the port of PloÃÂe.
Tuzla basin railway
KaranovacâÂÂGraÃÂanica
- KaranovacâÂÂGraÃÂanica; 4 km or 6.0 km (needs verification), , 1898âÂÂ1967
- It had a direct connection to Tuzla basin railway in Karanovac.
TesliÃÂ basin railway
- DobojâÂÂUsoraâÂÂTesliÃÂ, where it branched off in three relatively long directions to various local mountains and forests;
- It had a direct connection to Bosna railway in Doboj.
ZavidoviÃÂiOlovoHan PijesakKusaÃÂe
- ZavidoviÃÂiOlovoHan PijesakKusaÃÂe
- Built as a private forestry railroad with numerous local branches along the way.
- Taken by the state later on and used as a mixed public / forestry railroad.
- It had a direct connection to Bosna railway in ZavidoviÃÂi.
PodlugoviâÂÂBrezaâÂÂVareÃ
¡ industrial railway
- PodlugoviâÂÂBrezaâÂÂVareÃ
¡, 24.5 km;
- Built primarily for servicing the iron and steel industry in VareÃ
¡;
- It had a direct connection to Bosna railway in Podlugovi.
SemizovacâÂÂSrednjeâÂÂÃÂevljanoviÃÂiâÂÂIvanÃÂiÃÂi
Narenta railway
Narenta railway (German: Narentabahn, Bosnian: Neretvanska pruga); 178.4 km, constructed 1885âÂÂ1891.
PloÃÂeâÂÂMetkoviÃÂ; 1942 extension to a planned sea harbour in PloÃÂe.
Dalmatian and Zelenika railways
Dalmatiner Bahn (Dalmatinska pruga); 188.6 km, built 1901.
East Bosnian railway
Bosnische Ostbahn (Bosanska istoÃÂna pruga) 166.4 km, built 1906.
Upper Drina railway
- UstipraÃÂaâÂÂGoraÃ
¾deâÂÂFoÃÂa (built 1939);
- It had direct connection to the East Bosnian railway in UstipraÃÂa.
- It was extended in 1946 to Brod na Drini village, which connected it to the forestry narrow-gauge railroad network of "MagliÃÂ" forestry conglomerate (railroads to Miljevina and to TjentiÃ
¡te and further on).
In the 1960s, plans were made to regauge the lines to standard gauge. However, this was not realised. On 28 May 1978 the line was closed for commercial traffic.
The track bed is currently very visible in the landscape, with several stations, tunnels still visible. A small part of the track is still in service as a heritage railway rebuilt between 1999 and 2003, Ã
 argan Eight.
Other
There were numerous private industrial and mostly forestry narrow-gauge railroads in operation throughout the late 19th and most of 20th century, with varying construction and deconstruction dates.
Some of them were isolated, while some had direct connections to one of the main state narrow-gauge railroads.
Only some of those railroads are mentioned below.
Bosanska MezgrajaâÂÂBijeljina railway
Bosanska MezgrajaâÂÂBijeljinaâÂÂUgljevik;
An isolated gauge railway
Sinj railway
SplitâÂÂSinj (completed in Croatia); 40 km, 1903âÂÂ62. A planned extension via ArÃ
¾ano to Bugojno (and further on existing tracks to Sarajevo) never materialized because of World War I and the line remained isolated from the Bosnian network.
BanoviÃÂi coal-mine railway
A gauge industrial line opened in 1947 near Tuzla. Still in commercial operation.
See also
References
Further reading
External links