The EU Digital Identity Wallet (EUDI Wallet) is a mobile identity wallet defined in European Union law to let people and businesses prove who they are online and share verified attributes across the EU. It is created by Regulation (EU) 2024/1183, which amends the eIDAS framework to establish a European Digital Identity, and by a suite of Commission implementing regulations adopted on 28 November 2024 that specify the walletâÂÂs core functions, data, interfaces, and certification.
Member States must make at least one wallet available and recognise those issued by other Member States. The Council adopted the legal framework on 26 March 2024, following ParliamentâÂÂs first-reading adoption on 29 February 2024; the act was published on 30 April 2024 and entered into force on 20 May 2024.
The wallet builds on the 2014 eIDAS Regulation on electronic identification and trust services, which enabled cross-border recognition of national eID schemes. In June 2021, the Commission proposed a âÂÂEuropean Digital Identityâ framework with a personal digital wallet; Parliament and Council reached political agreement in November 2023, with formal adoption in early 2024.
The core act is Regulation (EU) 2024/1183, which amends eIDAS to establish the European Digital Identity and requires Member States to offer an EU Digital Identity Wallet to citizens and residents who request one. Five implementing regulations adopted on 28 November 2024 specify:
The CommissionâÂÂs Architecture and Reference Framework (ARF), maintained with the European Digital Identity Cooperation Group, describes the ecosystem, roles, data models, cryptography, and conformance testing for the wallet. The ARF and implementing rules reference established technical standards, including the W3C family and ISO/IEC 18013-5 for mobile driving licences.
Wallets hold two main types of data:
The ARF provides a PID rulebook aligned with the legal text to promote interoperable implementations across Member States.
Implementing rules require that wallets enable user-controlled, privacy-preserving sharing of attributes; support offline and online presentation; and implement integrity, logging, and portability safeguards. Member States are expected to recognise wallets across borders for accessing public services, while the framework also targets high-value private-sector use cases such as KYC in finance and mobile driving licence presentations based on ISO/IEC 18013-5.
Wallet solutions must undergo conformity assessment under schemes defined in the implementing regulation on certification and related references (building on the EU cybersecurity framework). The Commission and Member States coordinate technical specifications and testing through the European Digital Identity Cooperation Group and ARF workstreams.
Since 2023, the Commission has supported several large-scale pilots to trial wallet use cases (e.g., travel, education, social security, payments) with public administrations and private partners across Member States. Examples include the EU Digital Wallet Consortium (EWC) for digital travel credentials and other consortia under the Digital Europe Programme.
Under , Member States must make available at least one EU Digital Identity Wallet (EUDI Wallet) âÂÂwithin 24 months of the date of entry into force of the implementing actsâ for the walletâÂÂs core rules and PID/EAAs. The first set of implementing regulations was published on 4 December 2024 and entered into force 20 days later; this anchors national wallet availability by late December 2026.
Use of the wallet is voluntary and, for natural persons, free of charge. Member States may provide the wallet directly, mandate a provider, or recognise private providers, and may onboard users using an eID at level âÂÂsubstantialâ complemented by remote onboarding to reach level âÂÂhighâÂÂ.
Where a Member State requires electronic identification and authentication to access an online public service, it must also accept presentation via the EUDI Wallet. For the private sector, the regulation requires acceptance âÂÂwithin 36 monthsâ of the implementing actsâ entry into force (i.e. by late December 2027) by relying parties that are legally obliged to use strong user authentication, including services in transport, energy, banking and financial services, social security, health, water, postal services, digital infrastructure, education and telecommunication. In addition, Very Large Online Platforms under the and âÂÂgatekeepersâ under the must recognise the wallet for user authentication at the userâÂÂs request.
The Commission highlights everyday scenarios such as opening a bank account, enrolling at a university abroad, or applying for a job, with selective disclosure and offline/online presentation supported by the implementing rules.
Large-scale pilots funded by the Commission are testing travel, education, social security, payments and other use cases ahead of general availability in 2026, with hundreds of public and private stakeholders across the EU participating.
Under the EUâÂÂs 2030 âÂÂDigital Decadeâ targets, âÂÂ80% of citizens will use a digital ID solution by 2030âÂÂ; the EUDI Wallet is intended as the primary instrument to meet that goal.