The Deir Aziz synagogue is an ancient synagogue dating from the Mishnaic and Talmudic periods, located at the archeological site of Deir Aziz, in the southern Golan Heights.
Before 1967, Deir Aziz, was a Syrian village, occupied by Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War. In the 1880s, Gottlieb Schumacher described it as " A small winter village, consisting of ten huts on the Wady Deir 'Aziz (Wady esh Shukeiyif). It belongs to the 'Arab ed-Diäb, but is not inhabited in summer".
The site included an ancient Jewish settlement. The remains of the synagogue, one of two public buildings found at the site, were initially uncovered by Lawrence Oliphant in the late 19th century. Following the Six-Day War, the site was archaeologically surveyed as part of an emergency survey of the Golan Heights.
In the 21st century, the synagogue underwent excavation and subsequent restoration efforts.
In 1998, an excavation expedition was organized on behalf of the Department of Land of Israel Studies and Archeology at Bar-Ilan University and Kinneret College led by Haim Ben David, Zvi Uri Maoz and Oren Zingboim. Excavations were carried out at the site until 2004. The excavations revealed a rectangular hall (basilica) measuring , with a pile of ashlar stones, which may originate from the synagogue that was destroyed in the 749 CE earthquake. Under the floor of the hall, hundreds of coins were found, the latest of which date from the time of Justinian I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (second quarter of the 6th century AD). In the southern wall of the hall there is a prominent niche for the Torah ark. Further more a Menorah and an Atarah (Hebrew word meaning "crown") were found engraved on a stone.
One of the synagogue's windows bears a Greek inscription, ÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂ, suggesting a connection between the Arab name of the ruin, Deir Aziz, and the original name of the ancient Talmudic village.