Daugavpils county () was a historic county in PolandâÂÂLithuania, the Vitebsk Governorate of the Russian Empire and in the Republic of Latvia, which was dissolved during the administrative territorial reform of the Latvian SSR in 1949. Its administrative centre was Daugavpils.
Established in 1621 as one of the subdivisions of the Inflanty Voivodeship (powiat dyneburski) of the PolishâÂÂLithuanian Commonwealth. In 1772, after the First Partition of Poland it became one of uyezds of Polotsk Governorate (, 1776âÂÂ1796), later Belarusian Governorate (1796âÂÂ1802) and Vitebsk Governorate (1802âÂÂ1917) of the Russian Empire. In 1893, it was renamed to Dvinsk county.
On 31 December 1917 Daugavpils county, populated by mostly Latvians were transferred to Governorate of Livonia, becoming a part of the Latvian Soviet autonomy of Iskolat and a part of the Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic on 17 December 1918. After signing of the LatvianâÂÂSoviet Peace Treaty, Daugavpils county was fully incorporated into the Republic of Latvia.
In 1949, during the Soviet occupation of Latvia, Daugavpils county was merged with Ilà «kste county and transformed into the Daugavpils district of the Latvian SSR.
At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Dvinsky Uyezd had a population of 237,023. Of these, 39.0% spoke Latvian, 20.0% Yiddish, 15.3% Russian, 13.8% Belarusian, 9.1% Polish, 1.8% German, 0.4% Lithuanian, 0.2% Tatar, 0.1% Romani and 0.1% Ukrainian as their native language.