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List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia

This is a list of ancient cities, towns, villages, and fortresses in and around Thrace and Dacia. A number of these settlements were Thracian and Dacian, but some were Celtic, Greek, Roman, Paeonian, or Persian.

A number of cities in Thrace and Dacia were built on or close to the sites of preexisting Dacian or Thracian settlements. Some settlements in this list may have a double entry, such as the Paeonian Astibo and Latin Astibus. It is believed that Thracians did not build true cities even if they were named as such; the largest Thracian settlements were large villages. The only known attempt to build a polis by the Thracians was Seuthopolis., although Strabo considered the Thracian cities with "bria" ending polises. Some of the Dacian settlements and fortresses employed the traditional Murus Dacicus construction technique.

Note: Throughout these lists, an asterisk [*] indicates that the toponym is reconstructed.

Thracian and Dacian

Abydos
Acidava (Acidaua), a fortress town close to the Danube, located in today's Piatra-Olt, Olt County, Romania
Acmonia or Agatapara
Abdera
Aedava (Aedeva, Aedabe, Aedeba or Aedadeba), placed by Procopius on the Danubian road between Augustae and Variana, in Moesia (the present Northern Bulgaria)
Aedeva, modern Pernik
Aiadava (Aiadaba or Aeadaba, ), a locality in the Remesiana region in present-day Bela Palanka, Serbia
Aizis (Aixis, Aixim, Airzis, Azizis, Azisis, Aizisis, Alzisis, Aigis, Aigizidava*, Zizis), mentioned by Emperor Trajan in Dacica
Amutria (Amutrion, Amutrium, ), a Dacian town close to the Danube, possibly today's Motru, Gorj County, Romania
Apulon (Apoulon, Apula), a fortress city close to modern Alba-Iulia, Romania from which the Latin name of Apulum is derived
Arcina (Arcinna), a fortress town in Wallachia
Apsynthus, the Thracian name for Aenus
Arcobadara
Argedava (Argedauon, Sargedava, Sargedauon, Zargedava, Zargedauon, ), mentioned in the Decree of Dionysopolis, potentially the dava discovered at PopeÃÂti, a district in the town of MihÃÂileÃÂti, Giurgiu County, Romania and maybe Burebista's court or capital
Argidava (Argidaua, Arcidava, Arcidaua, Argedava, Argedauon, Sargedava, Sargedauon, Zargedava, Zargedauon, ), potentially Burebista's court or capital, located in today's VÃÂrÃÂdia, CaraÃÂ-Severin County, Romania
Artanes, modern Lom
Arutela
Apulon, capital of the Apuli
Atipara
Bergula
Berzobis, ancient BÃÂ¢rzava, Romania
Bergula, modern (Luleburgaz)
Beroea, modern Stara Zagora
Bessapara of the Bessi tribe, today Sinitovo
Bizye, capital of the Odrysae
Bregedava
Breierophara, near modern Komotini
Buricodava
Buridava (Burridava), today's Ocnele Mari, Romania
Buteridava
Cabassus
Capidava (Kapidaua), a fortress town on the southern side of the lower Danube
Caria, modern Shabla
Carsidava or Karsidaua
Cedonia, near Sibiu
Crenides
Cumidava (Comidava, Komidaua), ancient RÃÂ¢ÃÂnov, Romania
Cypasis
Danedebai,
Dausdava (Dausadava, Dausdavua), "The shrine of wolves", a fortress town close to the Danube
Debelt
Dentheletica, capital of the Dentheletae tribe, modern Kyustendil
Desudaba or Maedius of the Maedi tribe, modern Sandanski
Diacum
Dierna
Dinogetia, located above the Danube delta
Docidava or Dokidaua
Drabeskos
Drobeta, located on the left bank of the Danube at Turnu Severin
Drusipara
Egeta
Eumolpias, later Pulpudeva translating Philippopolis, the name resulted in modern Plovdiv, prehistoric settlement
Gazoros
Genucla, settlement located south of the Danube
Germania, "hot water", modern Sapareva Banya, site of the Dentheletae tribe
Germisara "hot water"
Gildova (Gildoba), located along the Vistula river
Giridava
Iamphorynna, capital of the Maedi tribe
Itadeba (Itadava)
Ismara
Istria (Olbia)
Jidava, near CÃÂ¢mpulung Muscel, Romania
Jidova
Kabyle of the Kabileti tribe, capital of the Odrysae
Kipsela, modern Ipsala
Lygos, modern Istanbul
Malva, a Dacian settlement where Roman Romula was built
Marcodava (Dacia) (Markodaua)
Melsambria, modern Nessebar
Melta, modern Lovech
Murideba
Mutzipara* Napoca, ancient Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Naulochas, modern Obzor
Nentinava (Netindaua), ancient Slobozia, Romania
Nentivava, ancient OlteniÃÂ£a, Romania
Netindava
Nipsa near Panisus
Oescus of the Triballi tribe
Odryssa or Uscudama, modern Edirne, capital of the Odrysae or Bessi tribe
Onokarsis, capital residence of the Odrysae, possibly modern Starosel
Pelendava (Pelendova), ancient Craiova, Romania
Perburidava
Perperikon
Piroboridava
Petra, fort of Maedi
Petrodava (Petrodaua), located in Piatra NeamÃÂ
Piroboridava (Piroboridaua)
Polondava
Potaissa (Patavissa), ancient Turda, Romania, also named as Patruissa
Quemedava, mentioned by Procopius in Dardania
Ramidava (Rhamidaua)
Ratiaria
Recidava
Remesiana
Rusidava (Rusidava)
Sacidava (Sacidaba)
Sagadava
Salmydessos, modern KÃÂ±yÃÂ±kÃÂ¶y, residence of the Odrysae
Sarmizegetusa (Sarmisegetuza), Decebalus's capital and holy place
Scaidava (Skedeba)
Scaptopara, of the Dentheletae tribe, modern Blagoevgrad
Selymbria, modern Silivri in European Turkey
Serdica of the Serdi tribe, modern Sofia
Setidava (Setidaua), mentioned by Ptolemy as a thriving settlement
Seuthopolis
Singidava (Singidaua)
Sintica of the Sintoi tribe
Subzupara
Sucidava (Suvidava, Sukidaua), located in Corabia, Olt County, Romania
Susudava, mentioned by Ptolemy as a thriving settlement
Tamasidava (Tamasidaua)
Tapae, a Dacian outpost guarding Sarmisegetuza and the site of two major battles between Dacians and Romans
Teichos, residence of the Odryssae
Therma of the Mygdones tribe, modern Thessaloniki
Thermidava, placed by Ptolemy on the Lissus-Naissus route. The toponym is most probably a misreading of a settlement which most scholars in contemporary research locate near present-day Banat, Serbia.
Thynia, town of the Thyni
Tibiscum
Tirista (Tsirista)
Tranupara
Tsierna (Dierna)
Tyrida
Tyrodiza
Urdoviza, modern Kiten
Zaldapa
Zargidava (Zargidaua)
Zeugma
Zidava
Zikideva
Zimnicea, site where Alexander the Great fought the Dacians
Ziridava (Ziridaua), identified archaeologically with Pecica, Arad, Romania
Zisnedeva (Zisnudeva, Zisnudeba), located in Dacian Moesia
Zurobara

Unknown names

ArpaÃÂu de Sus

BÃÂile TuÃÂnad

BÃÂleni-RomÃÂ¢ni

BÃÂ¢zdÃÂ¢na

BoroÃÂneu Mic

Bretea MureÃÂanÃÂ

CÃÂpÃÂ¢lna

"CosteÃÂti-Blidaru"

"CosteÃÂti-CetÃÂÃÂuie"

CoÃÂofenii din Dos

CrÃÂsanii de Jos

"CucuiÃÂ - Dealul Golu"

"CucuiÃÂ - VÃÂ¢rful Berianului"

CÃÂ¢rlomÃÂneÃÂti

"FeÃÂele Albe"

GrÃÂdiÃÂtea de Munte

Odorheiu Secuiesc

OrÃÂÃÂtie Mountains

"Piatra RoÃÂie"

Pietroasa MicÃÂ

Poiana cu Cetate

Ponor

PopeÃÂti (CÃÂlÃÂraÃÂi)

Porumbenii Mari

Radovanu - Gorgana I

Radovanu - Jidovescu

Satu Mare (Harghita)

SprÃÂ¢ncenata

StÃÂ¢nceÃÂti

ÃÂeica MicÃÂ

TimiÃÂu de Jos

ViiÃÂoara MoÃÂneni

Thraco-Illyrian

Thrace and Macedonia

Thrace, from Strymon to Nestos

Amphipolis, founded by colonists from Athens
Akontisma
Antisara
Creston, modern Kilkis
Datos, founded by colonists from Thasos
Drabeskos
Eion, founded by colonists from Athens
Ennea Hodoi
Galepsus, founded by colonists from Thasos
Gasoros
Heraclea Sintica
Krenides, founded by colonists from Thasos
Mastira, mentioned by Demosthenes (341 BCE) in his "The Oration on the State of the Chersonesus". This town was unknown to the scholar Harpocration (100-200 CE), who suggests that instead of "Mastira" we should read "Bastira", a known Thracian town of that name.
Myrkinos, founded by colonists from Miletus in 497 BC
Neapolis, founded by colonists from Thasos, modern Kavala
Oesyme, founded by colonists from Thasos
Paroikopolis
Pergamos
Phagres, founded by colonists from Thasos
Philippi, founded by Philip II of Macedon, rebuilt Crenides
Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv)
Pistyros, founded by colonists from Thasos
Sirra, founded by Philip II of Macedon, rebuilt town of the Siriopeoni, modern Serres
Skapte Hyle
Skotoussa
Tristolos

Thrace, from Nestos to Hebros

Abdera, founded by colonists from Klazomenai
Ainos (Poltymbria) founded by colonists from Alopeke, Mytilene, and Kyme
Bergepolis, founded by colonists from Abdera
Doriskos
Drys, founded by colonists from Samothrace
Dikaia, founded by colonists from Samos
Kypsela
Larissa
Maroneia, founded by colonists from Chios
Menebria, founded by colonists from Samothrace on a town named Melsambria, modern Nessebar
Orthagoria
Sale, founded by colonists from Samothrace
Stryme, founded from colonists from Thasos
Zone, founded by colonists from Samothrace

Inland Thrace

Alexandropolis Maedica
Beroea, founded by Philip II of Macedon in 342 BC
Philippopolis| Pulpudeva (Philippopolis), today's city of Plovdiv in Bulgaria. First settlements around 5th millennium B.C., but some data points for earlier dating. The Thracian name Ã¢ÂÂPulpudevaÃ¢ÂÂ was later renamed to Ã¢ÂÂPhilippopolisÃ¢ÂÂ due to the increased Greek influence.
Stanimachos, founded by colonists from Istiaia, modern Asenovgrad
Pistiros, founded by Pistyrians from the coast

Thracian Chersonesos

Aegospotami (Aegospotamos)
Alokopennesos, founded by colonists from Aeolis
Araplos
Callipolis
Chersonesos (Agora), founded by colonists from Athens
Derris
Elaious, founded by colonists from Athens
Ide
Kardia, founded by colonists from Athens
Kressa
Krithotai, founded by colonists from Athens
Limnae, founded by colonists from Miletus
Madytos, founded by colonists from Lesbos
Pactya, founded by colonists from Athens
Paion
Sestos, founded by colonists from Lesbos

Propontic Thrace

Athyra
Byzantion, founded by colonists from Megara on a town called Lygos, modern Istanbul
Bisanthe, founded by colonists from Samos
Daminon Teichos
Ergiske
Heraclea (Perinthus)
Heraion, founded by colonists from Samos
Lysimachia
Neapolis (Thracian Chersonese), founded by colonists from Athens
Orestias, rebuilt
Perinthus, founded by colonists from Samos
Rhaedestus, founded by colonists from Samos
Serrion Teichos
Selymbria, modern Silivri in European Turkey, of Thracian etymology
Tyrodiza, of Thracian etymology

West Pontic coast

Aegyssos, modern Tulcea
Aquae Calidae
Ahtopol, founded by colonists from Athens
Anchialos, modern Pomorie, founded by colonists from Appolonia
Apollonia, modern Sozopol, founded by Ionians
Berga, founded by colonists from Thasos
Bizone, founded by colonists from Miletus, modern Kavarna
Krutoi, modern Balchik founded by Miletian colonists
Dionysopolis, modern Balchik, founded by colonists from Miletus
Heliopolis, modern Obzor
Histria, founded by colonists from Miletus
Kallatis (Callatis), founded from colonists from Herakleia Pontike, modern-day Mangalia, Romania
Mesembria, modern Nesebar, settled during the 6th century BC by Dorians from Megara
Odessos, modern Varna, founded by colonists from Miletus
Nikonion, founded by colonists from Istros
Salmydessos (from IE *salm-udes, "salty water"; cf. Greek ÃÂ¡lmÃÂ, "sea water, brine"; ÃÂ½dos, "water")
Tomis, modern Constanta, rebuilt Scythian town

Other

Aison
Brea, founded by colonists from Athens,
Gazoros
Heraclea Sintica on a tribe of the Sintoi tribe
Kossaia

Persian

Roman

Celtic

See also

Notes

References

External links