Cuthbert Pepper (died 1608), of East Cowton, near Richmond, Yorkshire, was an English politician.
He was the son of Robert Pepper of East Cowton and married Margaret, daughter of Robert Wild of East Cowton.
He was admitted to Gray's Inn in 1570 and called to the bar in February 1578. He became recorder of Richmond in 1586 and served until 1603. He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Richmond, Yorkshire in 1597 and 1601. He was knighted at Whitehall in 1604, the year he became treasurer of Gray's Inn.