Cnemaspis

Cnemaspis is a genus of diurnal (day) geckos, lizards in the family Gekkonidae. The genus is native to Asia. With over 100 species, it is one of the most diverse genera of geckos. Molecular phylogenies suggest that the two regional groupings may form distinct clades which are not each other's closest relatives.

Description

Species in the genus Cnemaspis have slender, clawed digits which are cylindrical or depressed at the base (rarely dilated); the distal phalanges are compressed, forming an angle with the basal portion of the digits, the lower surface of which has a row of plates. Their bodies are more or less depressed, granular or tubercular above. The tail is not compressed. The pupil is circular, and the eyelid is distinct all round the eye. Males may or may not have pre-anal or femoral pores.

Species

The Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka group

• C. aaronbaueri <small>, , & , 2019</small>
• C. adii <small>, & , 2015</small> – Adi's day gecko
• C. agarwali <small>, 2019</small> – Agarwal's dwarf gecko
• C. agayagangai <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, & Khandekar, 2022</small> – Agaya Gangai dwarf gecko
• C. ajijae <small>Sayyed, & Dileepkumar, 2018</small> – Ajija's day gecko
• C. alwisi <small> & , 2007</small> – Alwis's day gecko
• C. amba <small>Khandekar, & , 2019</small> – Amba dwarf gecko
• C. amboliensis <small>Sayyed, Pyron & Dileepkumar, 2018</small> – Amboli day gecko
• C. amith <small>, & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small> – Amith's day gecko
• C. anamudiensis <small>, , & , 2018</small>
• C. anandani <small>, Nitesh, Sengupta & Deepak, 2019</small> – Anandan's day gecko
• C. andersonii <small>(Annandale, 1905)</small>
• C. anslemi <small> & , 2019</small>
• C. assamensis <small> & , 2000</small> – Assam day gecko
• C. australis <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small> – southern day gecko
• C. avasabinae <small>Agarwal, & Khandekar, 2020</small> – Sabin's Nellore dwarf gecko
• C. azhagu <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2022</small>
• C. balerion <small>, , & , 2021</small>
• C. bangara <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, Pal, & Khandekar, 2020</small>
• C. beddomei <small>(Theobald, 1876)</small> – Beddome's day gecko
• C. boiei <small>(Gray, 1876)</small> – Boie's day gecko
• C. butewai <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Butewe's day gecko
• C. cavernicola <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, Kalaimani & Agarwal, 2023</small>
• C. chengodumalaensis <small>Cyriac, Palot, & Umesh, 2020</small>
• C. dissanayakai <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Dissanayaka's day gecko
• C. fantastica <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, & Khandekar, 2022</small> – fantastic dwarf gecko
• C. flavigularis <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza, & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. flaviventralis <small>Sayyed, Pyron & , 2016</small> – yellow-bellied day gecko
• C. galaxia <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. ganeshaiahi <small>Narayanan, Pal, Grismer, &Aravind, 2023</small> – Ganeshaiah's dwarf gecko
• C. gemunu <small>, & , 2007</small>
• C. girii <small>Mirza, Pal, & , 2014</small> – Giri's day gecko
• C. goaensis <small>, 1976</small> – Goan day gecko
• C. godagedarai <small>de Silva, Bauer, & Karunarathna, 2019</small> – Godagedara's day gecko
• C. gotaimbarai <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Gotaimbara's day gecko
• C. gracilis <small>(Beddome, 1870)</small> – graceful day gecko
• C. graniticola <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, Pal & Khandekar, 2020</small> – granite dwarf gecko
• C. gunasekarai <small>Amarasinghe, Karunarathna, & de Silva, 2021</small>
• C. gunawardanai <small>Amarasinghe, Karunarathna, Madawala & de Silva, 2021</small>
• C. heteropholis <small>Bauer, 2002</small> – Gund day gecko, different-scaled day gecko
• C. hitihamii <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Hitihami's day gecko
• C. indica <small>Gray, 1846</small> – Indian day gecko, Nilgiri dwarf gecko
• C. ingerorum <small>Batuwita, Agarwal & Bauer, 2019</small>
• C. jackieii <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. jayaweerai <small>Karunarathna, Ukuwela, De Silva, Bauer, Madawala, Poyarkov, Botejue, Gabadage, Grismer, & Gorin, 2023</small>
• C. jerdonii <small>(Theobald, 1868)</small> – Jerdon's day gecko
• C. kalakadensis <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2022</small>
• C. kallima <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small>
• C. kandambyi <small>Batuwita & , 2017</small>
• C. kandiana <small>(Kelaart, 1852)</small>, Kandyan day gecko
• C. kawminiae <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Kawmini's day gecko
• C. kivulegedarai <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Kivulegedara's day gecko
• C. kohukumburai <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Kohukumbura's day gecko
• C. kolhapurensis <small>, Bauer & , 2009</small> – Kolhapur day gecko
• C. kotagamai <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019)</small> – Kotagama's day gecko
• C. kottiyoorensis <small>Cyriac & Umesh, 2014</small> – Kottiyoor day gecko
• C. koynaensis <small>Khandekar, Thackeray & Agarwal, 2019</small> – Koyna dwarf gecko
• C. krishnagiriensis <small>Agarwal, Thackeray & Khandekar, 2021</small> – Krishnagiri dwarf gecko
• C. kumarasinghei <small>Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007</small> – Kumarasinghe's day gecko
• C. latha <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small> – Latha's day gecko
• C. limayei <small>Sayyed, Pyron & Dileepkumar, 2018</small> – Limaye's day gecko
• C. lithophilis <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. littoralis <small>(Jerdon, 1854)</small> – coastal day gecko
• C. lokugei <small>Karunarathna et al., 2021</small> – Lokuge's day gecko
• C. maculicollis <small>Cyriac, Johny, Umesh & Palot, 2018</small>
• C. magnifica <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, Pal & Agarwal, 2020</small> – Magnificent dwarf gecko
• C. mahabali <small>Sayyed, Pyron & Dileepkumar, 2018</small> – Mahabal's day gecko
• C. manoae <small>Amarasinghe & Karunarathna, 2020</small> – Mano's day gecko
• C. menikay <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small>
• C. molligodai <small>Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007</small> – Molligoda's day gecko
• C. monticola <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small>
• C. mundanthuraiensis <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2022</small>
• C. mysoriensis <small>(Jerdon, 1853)</small> – Mysore day gecko
• C. nairi <small>Inger, & , 1984</small> – Ponmudi day gecko
• C. nandimithrai <small>Karunarathna et al., 2019</small> – Nandimithra's day gecko
• C. nanayakkarai <small>Karunarathna, Ukuwela, De Silva, Bauer, Madawala, Poyarkov, Botejue, Gabadage, Grismer, & Gorin, 2023</small>
• C. nicobaricus <small>, 2020</small>
• C. nigriventris <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. nilagirica <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small> – Nilgiri day gecko
• C. nilgala <small>Karunarathna, Bauer, de Silva, , , Madawala, , Botejue, & Ukuwela, 2019</small> – Nilgala day gecko
• C. nimbus <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. ornata <small>(Beddome, 1870)</small> – ornate day gecko
• C. pachaimalaiensis <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, & Khandekar, 2022</small> – Pachaimalai dwarf gecko
• C. palakkadensis <small>Sayyed, Cyriac & Dileepkumar, 2020</small> – Palakkad dwarf gecko
• C. palanica <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. pava <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small>
• C. phillipsi <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small> – Phillip's day gecko
• C. podihuna <small>Deraniyagala, 1944</small> – Deraniyagala's gecko
• C. pulchra <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small>
• C. punctata <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small>
• C. rajakarunai <small>Wickramasinghe, & , 2016</small>
• C. rajgadensis <small>Sayyed, Cyriac, & , 2021</small>
• C. ranganaensis <small>Sayyed & Sulakhe, 2020</small> – Rangana dwarf gecko
• C. regalis <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. rashidi <small>Sayyed et al, 2023</small>
• C. retigalensis <small>Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007</small> – Retigala day gecko
• C. rishivalleyensis <small>Agarwal, Thackeray & Khandekar, 2020</small> – Rishi Valley dwarf gecko
• C. rubraoculus <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. rudhira <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, & Khandekar, 2022</small> – scarlet dwarf gecko
• C. sakleshpurensis <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2022</small>
• C. salimalii <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, & Khandekar, 2022</small> – Salim Ali's dwarf gecko
• C. samanalensis <small>Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007</small> – Samanala day gecko
• ' <small>Khandekar, Thackeray & Agarwal, 2024</small>
• C. scalpensis <small>(Ferguson, 1877)</small> – Ferguson's day gecko
• C. schalleri <small>Agarwal, Thackeray & Khandekar, 2021</small> – Schaller's Sakleshpur dwarf gecko
• C. shevaroyensis <small>Khandekar, & Agarwal, 2019</small> – Shevaroy dwarf gecko
• C. silvula <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small> – forest day gecko
• C. sisparensis <small>(Theobald, 1876)</small> – Sispara day gecko or Theobald's gecko
• C. smaug <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• C. stellapulvis <small>Khandekar, Thackeray & Agarwal, 2020</small> – stardust dwarf gecko
• ' <small>Sayyed et al., 2023</small>
• C. tanintharyi <small>, , Zug, & Mulcahy, 2019</small> – Tanintharyi rock gecko
• C. thackerayi <small>Khandekar, Gaitonde, & Agarwal, 2019</small> – Thackeray's dwarf gecko
• C. thayawthadangyi <small>Lee, Miller, & , 2019</small> – Thayawthadangyi Islands rock gecko
• C. tigris <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2022</small>
• ' <small>Sayyed et al., 2023</small>
• C. tropidogaster <small>(Boulenger, 1885)</small> – rough-bellied day gecko or marked-belly gecko
• C. umashaankeri <small>Narayanan & Aravind, 2022</small>
• C. upendrai <small>Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda, 2007</small> – Upendra's day gecko
• C. uttaraghati <small>Agarwal, Thackeray & Khandekar, 2021</small>
• C. vijayae <small>Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2022</small>
• C. wallaceii <small>Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker, 2021</small>
• ' <small>Khandekar, Thackeray & Agarwal, 2024</small>
• C. wicksi <small>(Stoliczka, 1873)</small>
• C. wynadensis <small>(Beddome, 1870)</small> – Wynad day gecko
• C. yelagiriensis <small>Agarwal, Thackeray, Pal & Khandekar, 2020</small> – Yelagiri dwarf gecko
• C. yercaudensis <small>Das & Bauer, 2000</small> – Yercaud day gecko
• C. zacharyi <small>Cyriac, Palot, Deuti & Umesh, 2020</small>

The Sundaland group

• C. aceh <small>Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarasinghe, 2017</small>
• C. adangrawi <small> Ampai, Rujirawan, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2019</small> - Adang-Rawi rock gecko
• C. affinis <small>(Stoliczka, 1870)</small> – Stoliczka's gecko, Pinang Island rock gecko
• C. andalas <small>Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarasinghe, 2017</small>
• C. argus <small>Dring, 1979</small> – Dring's gecko, Argus rock gecko, Lawit Mountain rock gecko
• C. aurantiacopes <small>Grismer & Ngo, 2007</small> – Hon Dat rock gecko
• C. auriventralis <small>Rujirawan, Yodthong, Ampai, Termprayoon, Aksornneam, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2022</small> – Erawan rock gecko
• C. baueri <small>Das & Grismer 2003</small> – Bauer's rock gecko, Pulau Aur rock gecko
• C. bayuensis <small>Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008</small> – Kampung Bayu rock gecko, Gua Bayu rock gecko, Bayu Cave rock gecko
• C. bidongensis <small>Grismer, Wood, Ahmad, Sumarli, Vazquez, Ismail, Nance, Mohd-amin, Othman, Rizaijessika, Kuss, Murdoc, & Cobos, 2014</small> – Pulau Bidong rock gecko
• C. biocellata <small>Grismer, Chan, Nurolhuda, & Sumontha 2008</small>, – twin-spot rock gecko
• C. boulengeri <small>Strauch 1887</small> – Boulenger's rock gecko, Con Dao round eyed gecko
• C. calderana <small>Milto & Bezman-Moseyko, 2021</small>
• C. chanardi <small>Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010</small> - Chan-ard's rock gecko
• C. chanthaburiensis <small>Bauer & Das 1998</small> – Chanthaburi rock gecko
• C. caudanivea <small>Grismer & Ngo, 2007</small> – Hon Tre Island rock gecko
• C. dezwaani <small>Das 2005</small>
• C. dringi <small>Das & Bauer 1998</small> – Dring's rock gecko
• C. flavigaster <small>Chan & Grismer 2008</small> – orange-bellied rock gecko
• C. flavolineata <small>(Nicholls, 1949)</small> – yellow-striped rock gecko
• C. grismeri <small>Wood, Quah, Anuar Ms, & Muin, 2013</small> - Grismer's rock gecko
• C. hangus <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small>
• C. harimau <small>Chan, Grismer, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Savage, Grismer, Ahmad, Remigio, & Greer, 2010</small> - tiger rock gecko
• C. huaseesom <small>Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010</small>
• C. jacobsoni <small>Das 2005</small>
• C. kamolnorranathi <small>Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010</small> – Kamolnorranath's rock gecko
• C. karsticola <small>Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008</small> – karst-dwelling rock gecko
• C. kendallii <small>(Gray, 1845)</small> – Kendall's rock gecko
• C. kumpoli <small>Taylor 1963</small> – Kumpol's rock gecko, Trang Province gecko
• C. lagang <small>Nashriq, Davis, Bauer, & Das, 2022</small>
• C. laoensis <small>Grismer, 2010</small> - Lao rock gecko
• C. leucura <small>Kurita, Nishikawa, Matsui, & Hikida, 2017</small> - curse rock gecko
• C. limi <small>Das & Grismer 2003</small> – Tioman Island rock gecko
• C. lineatubercularis <small>Ampai, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2020</small> - Lan Saka rock gecko
• C. lineogularis <small>Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017</small> - stripe-throated rock gecko
• C. mahsuriae <small>Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Ngadi, & Ahmad, 2015</small> - Mahsuri's rock gecko
• C. matahari <small>Nashriq, Davis, Bauer, & Das, 2022</small>
• C. mcguirei <small>Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008</small> – McGuire's rock gecko
• C. minang <small>Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017</small>
• C. modiglianii <small>Das 2005</small>
• C. monachorum <small>Grismer, Ahmad, Chan, Belabut, Muin, Wood, & Grismer, 2009</small> - Monks's rock gecko
• C. mumpuniae <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small>
• C. muria <small> Riyanto, Munir, Martamenggala, Fitriana, & Hamidy, 2019</small>
• C. narathiwatensis <small>Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010</small> – Narathiwat rock gecko
• C. neangthyi <small>Grismer, Grismer, & Chav, 2010</small> – Neang Thy's rock gecko
• C. nigridia <small>(Smith, 1925)</small> – Borneo black gecko, black-spotted rock gecko
• C. niyomwanae <small>Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010</small> – Niyomwan's rock gecko,
• C. nuicamensis <small>Grismer & Ngo, 2007</small> – Nui Cam Hill rock gecko
• C. omari <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small>
• C. pagai <small>Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017</small>
• C. paripari <small>Grismer & Onn, 2009</small> - fairy rock gecko
• C. pemanggilensis <small>Grismer & Das 2006</small> – Johor, West Malaysia – Pemanggil Island rock gecko
• C. peninsularis <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small> – peninsular rock gecko
• C. perhentianensis <small>Grismer & Chan, 2008</small>
• C. phangngaensis <small>Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017</small> - Phang Nga rock gecko
• C. phuketensis <small>Das & Leon 2004</small>,
• C. pseudomcguirei <small>Grismer, Ahmad, Chan, Belabut, Muin, Wood, & Grismer, 2009</small> - false McGuire's rock gecko
• C. psychedelica <small>Grismer, Ngo, & Grismer, 2010</small> – psychedelic rock gecko
• C. punctatonuchalis <small>Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010</small> – spotted-neck rock gecko
• C. purnamai <small>Riyanto, Hamidy, Sidik, & Gunalen, 2017</small>
• C. rajabasa <small>Amarasinghe, Harvey, Riyanto, & Smith, 2015</small>
• C. roticanai <small>Grismer & Onn, 2010</small> – Roti Canai rock gecko
• C. samui <small>Ampai, Rujirawan, Yodthong, Termprayoon, Stuart, Wood, & Aowphol, 2022</small>
• C. selamatkanmerapoh <small>Grismer, Wood, Mohamed, Chan, Heinz, Sumarli, Chan & Loredo, 2013</small> - Merapoh rock gecko
• C. selenolagus <small>Grismer, Yushchenko, Pawangkhanant, Nazarov, Naiduangchan, Suwannapoom & Poyarkov, 2020</small> - Moon Rabbit Rock Gecko
• C. shahruli <small>Grismer, Chan, Quah, Muin, Savage, Grismer, Ahmad, Greer, & Remegio, 2010</small> - Shahrul's rock gecko
• C. siamensis <small>(Smith, 1925)</small> – Siamese rock gecko
• C. similan <small>Ampai, Rujirawan, Yodthong, Termprayoon, Stuart, Wood, & Aowphol, 2022</small>
• C. sirehensis <small>Nashriq, Davis, Bauer, & Das, 2022</small>
• C. stongensis <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small>
• C. sundagekko <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small>
• C. sundainsula <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small>
• C. tapanuli <small>Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017</small>
• C. tarutaoensis <small> Ampai, Rujirawan, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2019</small> - Tarutao rock gecko
• C. temiah <small>Grismer et al., 2014</small>
• C. thachanaensis <small>Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017</small>
• C. tubaensis <small>Quah, Wood, Anuar, & Muin, 2020</small> – Tuba Island rock gecko
• C. tucdupensis <small>Grismer & Ngo, 2007</small> – Tuc Dup Hill rock gecko
• C. timoriensis <small>Duméril & Bibron 1836</small>,
• C. vandeventeri <small>Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010</small> – VanDeventer's rock gecko
• C. whittenorum <small>Das 2005</small>

References