The Cladonychiidae are a small family of harvestman with about 33 described species, within the suborder Laniatores.
Description
Members of this family range from less than two to about four millimeters in body length, with robust, spined pedipalps and rather short legs, although the second pair can be as long as two centimeter. Most Cladonychiidae are reddish brown to dark brown, but cave-dwelling species are pale yellow. Not all species have eyes.
Distribution
The members of Cladonychiidae are found in Southern Europe and the United States.
Fossils
Proholoscotolemon was recently found in Baltic amber.
Relationships
The genera Peltonychia, Holoscotolemon, Erebomaster, Theromaster, Speleonychia, Briggsus, and Isolachus from the family Travuniidae and the former family Pentanychidae have been transferred to Cladonychiidae. This left Travuniidae with three genera from the Balkan region of Europe, Travunia, Trojanella, and Dinaria.
Name
The name of the former type genus Cladonychium (now synonymized with Erebomaster) is derived from Ancient Greek "branched claw".
Species
These genera and species belong to the family Cladonychiidae:
(For Arbasus <small>Roewer, 1935</small> see Buemarinoidae Karaman, 2019)
- genus Briggsus <small>ÃÂzdikmen & Demir, 2008</small>
- species Briggsus bilobatus <small>(Briggs, 1971)</small>
- species Briggsus clavatus <small>(Briggs, 1971)</small>
- species Briggsus flavescens <small>(Briggs, 1971)</small>
- species Briggsus hamatus <small>(Briggs, 1971)</small>
- species Briggsus pacificus <small>(Briggs, 1971)</small>
- genus Buemarinoa <small>Roewer, 1956</small>
- species Buemarinoa patrizii <small>Roewer, 1956</small>
- genus Erebomaster <small>Cope, 1872</small>
- species Erebomaster acanthinus <small>(Crosby & Bishop, 1924)</small>
- species Erebomaster flavescens <small>Cope, 1872</small>
- subspecies Erebomaster flavescens flavescens <small>Cope, 1872</small>
- subspecies Erebomaster flavescens coecum <small>(Packard, 1888)</small> â Carter cave
- species Erebomaster weyerensis <small>(Packard, 1888)</small>
- genus Holoscotolemon <small>Roewer, 1915</small>
- species Holoscotolemon franzinii <small>Tedeschi & Sciaky, 1994</small>
- species Holoscotolemon jaqueti <small>(Corti, 1905)</small>
- species Holoscotolemon lessiniense <small>Martens, 1978</small>
- species Holoscotolemon lessiniensis <small>Martens, 1978</small>
- species Holoscotolemon monzinii <small>Tedeschi & Sciaky, 1994</small>
- species Holoscotolemon naturae <small>Tedeschi & Sciaky, 1994</small>
- species Holoscotolemon oreophilus <small>Martens, 1978</small>
- species Holoscotolemon querilhaci <small>(Lucas, 1864)</small>
- species Holoscotolemon unicolor <small>Roewer, 1915</small>
- genus Isolachus <small>Briggs, 1971</small>
- species Isolachus spinosus <small>Briggs, 1971</small>
- genus Peltonychia <small>Roewer, 1935</small>
- species Peltonychia clavigera <small>(Simon, 1879)</small>
- species Peltonychia gabria <small>Roewer, 1935</small>
- species Peltonychia leprieuri <small>(Lucas, 1861)</small>
- species Peltonychia leprieurii
- species Peltonychia navarica <small>(Simon, 1879)</small>
- species Peltonychia piochardi <small>(Simon, 1872)</small>
- species Peltonychia postumicola <small>(Roewer, 1935)</small>
- species Peltonychia sarea <small>(Roewer, 1935)</small>
- species Peltonychia tenuis <small>Roewer, 1935</small>
- genus Speleonychia <small>Briggs, 1974</small>
- species Speleonychia sengeri <small>Briggs, 1974</small>
- genus Theromaster <small>Briggs, 1969</small>
- species Theromaster archeri <small>(Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942)</small>
- species Theromaster brunneus <small>(Banks, 1902)</small>
- genus â Proholoscotolemon <small>Ubick & Dunlop, 2005</small>
- species â Proholoscotolemon nemastomoides <small>(Koch & Berendt, 1854)</small>
Footnotes
References
- (eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press