Chorba, ( ; ) shorwa, shurba, shurpa, shurbah or shorba ( ) is a broad class of stews or rich soups found in national cuisines across North Africa, The Middle East, Iran, Turkey, Southeast Europe, Central Asia, East Africa and South Asia. It is often prepared with added ingredients but is also served alone as a broth or with bread.
The word chorba in English and in many Balkan languages is a loan from the Ottoman Turkish , which itself is a loan from Persian . The spelling shorba could be a direct loan into English from Persian or through a Central or South Asian intermediary.
The word is ultimately a compound of meaning 'salty, brackish' and meaning 'stew, gruel, spoon-meat'. The former is from Parthian meaning 'salty', and the latter from Middle Persian meaning 'gruel, spoon-meat'.
The etymology can be definitively tied to Persian through the cognate ; in modern Persian, while evolved to mean 'broth, stew', simply means 'soup'. It is typical for Middle Persian word-final to either change to or to be dropped altogether in Modern Persian.
The dialectal Arabic word also a loan from Persian while is a phono-semantic matching that occurred during the loaning of the word into Arabic and is etymologically tied to meaning 'to drink'.
Chorba is also called (), (), (), (), (), (Somali), (Romanian), (), ( / ), (Turkish), (), () and shorba in (Hindustani: / ). In the Indian subcontinent, the term is commonly used to mean gravy. It is a Mughlai dish and it also has vegetarian forms..
Shorwa is a traditional Afghan dish which is a simple dish which is usually mixed with bread on the dastarkhÃÂn. It is a long process and a pressure-cooker is usually used, as it reduces the process to 2 hours. The main ingredients for shorwa are potatoes, beans and meat. It is commonly served with Afghan bread.
CiorbÃÂ, as called in Moldova and Romania, consists of various vegetables, meat and herbs. BorÃÂ is a sour soup that is used in the Moldova region. There are several types of this dish, such as ciorbÃÂ de periÃÂoare, leek soup, Romanian borscht, and borÃÂ de burechiuÃÂe.