Chesapeake is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lawrence County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2020 census, Chesapeake had a population of 48. It is located on Missouri Route 174, approximately east of Mount Vernon.
Chesapeake currently houses a fish hatchery, operated by the Missouri Department of Conservation.
A post office called Chesapeake was established in 1850, and remained in operation until 1914. The community's name commemorates the Capture of USS Chesapeake.