Centreville Township is located in St. Clair County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 25,386 and it contained 10,535 housing units. Centreville Township was formed from Centreville Station when it was subdivided on March 5, 1910.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , of which (or 94.93%) is land and (or 5.07%) is water.