Central Sumba Regency () is a regency in East Nusa Tenggara of Indonesia. The new Central Sumba Regency was established on the island of Sumba when West Sumba Regency was split into two regencies on 22 May 2007 and a further Regency was created in Central Sumba from parts of both West Sumba and East Sumba Regencies. The new Regency covers 1,789.69 km<sup>2</sup> and had a population of 62,485 at the 2010 Census and 85,482 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2025 was 94,187 (comprising 48,274 males and 45,913 females). The seat (capital) of its government is located at Waibakul.
The Central Sumba Regency (following the re-organisation on 22 May 2007 which created it out of parts of both West Sumba Regency and East Sumba Regency) was composed of five districts (kecamatan), but a sixth district (Umbu Ratu Nggay Tengah) has since been created by taking 7 villages from Umbu Ratu Nggay District and 3 villages from Umbu Ratu Nggay Barat District. The areas (in km<sup>2</sup>) and populations of these districts at the 2010 Census and the 2020 Census are listed below, together with the official estimates as at mid 2025. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (all classed as rural desa), and its postal code.
Katikutana District (which borders Waikabubak in neighbouring West Sumba Regency to the west) and South Kalikutana District are situated in the south of the Regency, and include much of Manupeu Tanah Daru National Park; Mamboro District and the Umbu Ratu Nggay districts are to the north, with Mamboro village serving as a port on the island's north coast.
Note: (a) The populations at the 2010 and 2020 Censuses of the villages now forming the new Central Umbu Ratu Nggay District are included with the figures for the two districts from which they were cut out.