Center Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 625.
Townships like Center Township were established during the 19th-century settlement of Kansas, particularly after The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854). The center is located near the geographic center of the county, a naming convention widely used in U.S. township organization. Historically, records show a higher population in earlier decades, with a gradual decline consistent with rural depopulation trends.
Center Township covers an area of and contains no incorporated settlements. The streams of Little Stranger Creek and Mooney Creek run through this township.
The township's economy is typical of rural northeastern Kansas, with agriculture as the dominant activity, including livestock production, crop farming, and limited commercial and industrial development. Its proximity to the city of Atchison means some residents may commute for employment, services, and education.