Cavaignac is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Jean-Baptiste Cavaignac (1762âÂÂ1829), French politician
- His eldest son, Eleonore Louis Godefroi Cavaignac (1801âÂÂ1845), journalist
- His second son, Louis Eugène Cavaignac (1802âÂÂ1857), general and politician
- Louis Eugène's son, Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac (1853âÂÂ1905), politician
- Jean Baptiste's (1762âÂÂ1829) brother, (1765âÂÂ1845), politician
- Jean Baptiste's (1762âÂÂ1829) brother, Jacques-Marie, vicomte Cavaignac (1773âÂÂ1855), general