Calytrix is a genus of about 83 species of flowering plants, commonly known as star flowers, in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Calytrix are small to large shrubs with small, spreading and more or less round leaves, the flowers arranged singly in leaf axils. The flowers are bisexual with 5 overlapping sepals with a long awn, and many stamens.
Description
Plants in the genus Calytrix are dwarf to large shrubs with overlapping or widely-spaced leaves, but with stipules absent or small. The flowers are arranged singly in leaf axils with 2 bracteoles at the base. The floral tube is usually long and tube-shaped with 5 overlapping sepals with a long awn on the end and 5 lance-shaped to elliptic petals that are free from each other and fall from the flower as it develops. There are many stamens, in one to several whorls. The fruit is a small, dry nut containing a single seed.
Taxonomy
The genus Calytrix was first formally described in 1806 by Jacques Labillardière in his Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen, and the first species he described (the type species was Calytrix tetragona. The genus name (Calytrix) means "calyx hair", referring to the sepal awns.
Distribution
Calytrix are endemic to Australia, occurring in the Northern Territory, Queensland and South Australia, but the majority of species occur in the south-west of Western Australia.
Species list
The following is a list of Calytrix species accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at June 2024:
- Calytrix achaeta <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> â white-flowered turkey bush, kerosene wood, fringe-myrtle (N.T., W.A.)
- Calytrix acutifolia <small>(Lindl.) Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix alpestris <small>(Lindl.) Court</small> - snow myrtle (Vic., S.A.)
- Calytrix amethystina <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix angulata <small>Lindl.</small> - yellow starflower (W.A.)
- Calytrix arborescens <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix asperula <small>(Schauer) Benth.</small> - brush starflower (W.A.)
- Calytrix aurea <small>Lindl.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix birdii <small>(F.Muell.) B.D.Jacks.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix brevifolia <small>(Meisn.) Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix breviseta <small>Lindl.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix brownii <small>(Schauer) Craven</small> (W.A., N.T., Qld.)
- Calytrix carinata <small>Craven</small> (W.A., N.T., S.A., Qld.)
- Calytrix chrysantha <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix cravenii <small>Nge & K.R.Thiele</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix creswellii <small>(F.Muell.) B.D.Jacks.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix decandra <small>DC.</small> - pink starflower (W.A.)
- Calytrix decussata <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix depressa <small>(Turcz.) Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix desolata <small>S.Moore</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix divergens <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix drummondii <small>(Meisn.) Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix duplistipulata <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix ecalycata <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix eneabbensis <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix erosipetala <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix exstipulata <small>DC.</small> - turkey bush, Kimberley heather, heather bush, pink fringe-myrtle (W.A., N.T., Qld.)
- Calytrix faucicola <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix flavescens <small>A.Cunn.</small> - summer starflower (W.A.)
- Calytrix formosa <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix fraseri <small>A.Cunn.</small> - pink summer calytrix (W.A.)
- Calytrix glaberrima <small>(F.Muell.) Craven</small> â smooth fringe-myrtle (S.A.)
- Calytrix glutinosa <small>Lindl.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix gomphrenoides <small>M.D.Barrett & Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix gracilis <small>Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix gurulmundensis <small>Craven</small> (Qld.)
- Calytrix gypsophila <small>Craven</small> (W.A., S.A.)
- Calytrix habrantha <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix harvestiana <small>(F.Muell.) Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix hirta <small>(Regel) Nge & K.R.Thiele</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix hislopii <small>Rye</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix inopinata <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix involucrata <small>J.M.Black</small> - cup fringe-myrtle (S.A.)
- Calytrix islensis <small>Craven</small> (Qld.)
- Calytrix leptophylla <small>Benth.</small> (Qld.)
- Calytrix leschenaultii <small>(Schauer) Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix longiflora <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> (Qld., N.S.W.)
- Calytrix megaphylla <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix merralliana <small>(F.Muell. & Tate) Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix micrairoides <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix microcoma <small>Craven</small> â turkey bush (Qld.)
- Calytrix mimiana <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix nematoclada <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix oldfieldii <small>Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix oncophylla <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix parvivallis <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix patrickiae <small>Rye</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix paucicostata <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix pimeleoides <small>C.A.Gardner ex Keighery</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix platycheiridia <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix plumulosa <small>(F.Muell.) B.D.Jacks.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix praecipua <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix pulchella <small>(Turcz.) B.D.Jacks.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix purpurea <small>(F.Muell.) Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix retrorsifolia <small>Nge & Keighery</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix rupestris <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix sagei <small>Rye</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix sapphirina <small>Lindl.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix similis <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix simplex <small>Lindl.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix smeatoniana <small>(F.Muell.) Craven</small> (S.A.)
- Calytrix strigosa <small>A.Cunn.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix superba <small>C.A.Gardner & A.S.George</small> - superb starflower (W.A.)
- Calytrix surdiviperana <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix sylvana <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix tenuiramea <small>(Turcz.) Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix tetragona <small>Labill.</small> - common fringe-myrtle (W.A., S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
- Calytrix truncatifolia <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix uncinata <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix variabilis <small>Lindl.</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix verruculosa <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix verticillata <small>Craven</small> (N.T.)
- Calytrix violacea <small>(Lindl.) Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix viscida <small>Rye</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix warburtonensis <small>Craven</small> (W.A.)
- Calytrix watsonii <small>(F.Muell. & Tate) C.A.Gardner</small> (W.A.)
References