Callostracon is a genus of small sea snails, predatory marine gastropod mollusks in the family Acteonidae, the barrel bubble snails.
When they described Callostracon tyrrhenicum, Smriglio & Mariottini combined the specific epithet with Callostracon as used by Nordsieck (1972). The latter, however, is a misspelling of Colostracon <small>Hamlin, 1884</small>, a genus of Mesozoic caenogastropods unrelated to the Recent Mediterranean species. Recognizing this situation, Repetto & Bianco established the name Callostracon for the Mediterranean species. Callostracon <small>Repetto & Bianco, 2012</small>, is not a junior homonym of "Callostracon" as used by Nordsieck, as the latter is an incorrect subsequent spelling, and thus not a nomenclaturally available name.