Caladenia voigtii, commonly known as the mohawk orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, hairy leaf and usually only one greenish-yellow and red flower. When discovered near Salmon Gums in 1977, it was thought to be the extinct Caladenia cristata, but when C. cristata was found near Miling, the Salmon Gums discovery was renamed C. voigtii.
Caladenia voigtii is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect leaf, 50âÂÂ150 mm long and about 6 mm wide. Usually only one greenish-yellow flower with dark reddish markings and 20âÂÂ30 mm long, 10âÂÂ20 mm wide is borne on a stalk 80âÂÂ200 mm high. The sepal is erect, 14âÂÂ18 mm long and 2âÂÂ3 mm wide. The sepals are 14âÂÂ18 mm wide, 3âÂÂ4 mm long and turn stiffly downwards. The petals are 10âÂÂ15 mm long, about 2 mm wide and spread horizontally or somewhat downwards. The labellum is 10âÂÂ12 mm long, 8âÂÂ12 mm wide, greenish with faint red lines and heart-shaped with a small, dark red, down-curved tip. There is a dense band of tall, red-tipped calli along the mid-line of the labellum. Flowering occurs from August to October.
When discovered near Salmon Gums in 1977, it was thought to be Caladenia cristata which had been considered extinct since 1923, however when C. cristata was located near Miling, the present orchid was recognised as a new species. It was first formally described in 2001 by Stephen Hopper and Andrew Phillip Brown from the Salmon Gums specimen and the description was published in Nuytsia. The specific epithet (voigtii) honours Don Voigt who found the first specimen.
The mohawk spider orchid is found between Bremer Bay and Balladonia in the Coolgardie and Mallee biogeographic regions where it grows in a variety of habitats including on granite outcrops and near salt lakes.
Caladenia voigtii is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.