Caerostris, sometimes called bark spiders, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1868. Most species are found in south eastern Africa and neighboring Madagascar.
Taxonomy
The genus Caerostris was erected in 1868 by Tamerlan Thorell with the type species being Epeira mitralis <small>Vinson, 1863</small>, which Thorell transferred to Caerostris mitralis. Up to 2009, only 11 species had been described. A further species, C. darwini, was described in 2010, and six more species in 2015. Two of the "species", C. sexcuspidata and C. sumatrana, will probably need to be divided further to produce genetically uniform species.
A molecular phylogenetic study of 12 of the species of Caerostris produced the phylogenetic tree shown below, showing that the African and Madagascan species form a monophyletic group.
Behavior
Species
, this genus includes twenty species:
- Caerostris almae <small>, 2015</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris bankana <small>Strand, 1915</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris bojani <small>GregoriÃÂ, 2015</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris corticosa <small>Pocock, 1902</small> â Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Eswatini
- Caerostris cowani <small>Butler, 1882</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris darwini <small> & , 2010</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris ecclesiigera <small>Butler, 1882</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris extrusa <small>Butler, 1882</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris hirsuta <small>(Simon, 1895)</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris indica <small>Strand, 1915</small> â Myanmar
- Caerostris kuntneri <small>Gregorià& Yu, 2025</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris linnaeus <small>GregoriÃÂ, 2015</small> â Mozambique
- Caerostris mayottensis <small>Grasshoff, 1984</small> â Comoros, Mayotte
- Caerostris mitralis <small>(Vinson, 1863)</small> â Tanzania, DR Congo, Mozambique, Madagascar (type species)
- Caerostris pero <small>GregoriÃÂ, 2015</small> â Madagascar
- Caerostris sexcuspidata <small>(Fabricius, 1793)</small> â Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar
- Caerostris sumatrana <small>Strand, 1915</small> â India, China, Laos, Malaysia, Borneo, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java)
- Caerostris tinamaze <small>GregoriÃÂ, 2015</small> â South Africa
- Caerostris vicina <small>(Blackwall, 1866)</small> â Sub-Saharan Africa
- Caerostris wallacei <small>GregoriÃÂ, Blackledge, Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2015</small> â Madagascar
References