The Cebu tamaraw (Bubalus cebuensis) is a fossil dwarf buffalo discovered in the Philippines, and first described in 2006.
The most distinctive feature of B. cebuensis was its small size. Large contemporary domestic water buffalo stand 2 m (roughly 6 ft) at the shoulder and can weigh up to 1 tonne (around 2,000 lb), B. cebuensis would have stood only 75 cm (2 ft, 6 in) and weighed about 150 to 160 kg (330 to 350 lb), smaller than the extant tamaraw species B. mindorensis.
The fossil specimen is likely Pleistocene or Holocene in age.
The fossil was discovered in a horizontal tunnel in soft karst around 50 m elevation in K-Hill near Balamban, Cebu Island, the Philippines, by mining engineer Michael Armas. The fossil was donated to America's Field Museum, where it stayed unanalyzed for almost 50 years.