Brotia is a genus of Southeast Asian freshwater snails, gastropod molluscs in the taxonomic family Pachychilidae.
The generic name Brotia is apparently in honor of a Swiss malacologist Auguste Louis Brot (1821-1896).
Distribution
Species of Brotia occur in freshwater habitats of Southeast Asia, ranging from Northern India in the west through to Sumatra in the east. This range includes India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, China (1 species), Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia (Sumatra and Borneo only).
Biology
Species are found predominantly in fast flowing, well oxygenated rivers, occasionally also in lakes. They are gonochoristic, and viviparous, retaining developing eggs and youngs in special brood pouch.
Species
Species within the genus Brotia include:
- â Brotia alpina <small>(F. Sandberger, 1871)</small>
- Brotia annamita <small>Köhler, Holford M., Do & Ho, 2009</small>
- Brotia angulifera <small>Brot, 1872</small> - incertae sedis
- Brotia armata <small>(Brandt, 1874)</small>
- Brotia assamensis <small>(Nevill, 1885)</small> - incertae sedis
- Brotia beaumetzi <small>(Brot, 1887)</small> - incertae sedis
- Brotia binodosa <small>(Blanford, 1903)</small>
- â Brotia bittneri (<small>Oppenheim, 1895)</small>
- Brotia boenana <small>(Brot, 1881)</small>
- Brotia borneensis <small>(Schepman, 1896)</small> - incertae sedis
- â Brotia castellaunensis <small>(Boussac, 1911)</small>
- Brotia citrina <small>(Brot, 1868)</small>
- Brotia clavaeformis <small>(Brot, 1874)</small>
- Brotia costula <small>(Rafinesque, 1833)</small>
- Brotia cylindrus <small>(Brot, 1886)</small> - incertae sedis
- Brotia dautzenbergiana <small>(Morlet, 1884)</small>
- Brotia episcopalis <small>(H. Lea & I. Lea, 1851)</small>
- Brotia godwini <small>(Brot, 1875)</small>
- Brotia henriettae <small>(Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834)</small>
- Brotia herculea <small>(Gould, 1846)</small>
- Brotia hoabinhensis <small>Köhler, Holford, Do & Ho, 2009</small>
- Brotia huberi <small>Thach, 2021</small>
- Brotia indragirica <small>(von Martens, 1900)</small>
- Brotia insolita <small>(Brot, 1868)</small>
- Brotia iravadica <small>(Blanford, 1869)</small>
- Brotia jullieni <small>(Deshayes, 1874)</small>
- Brotia kelantanesis <small>(Preston, 1907)</small>
- Brotia laodelectata <small>Köhler, 2008</small>
- â Brotia lhazeensis <small>Yü, 1982</small>
- â Brotia lombersensis <small>(Noulet, 1867)</small>
- â Brotia majevitzae <small>(Oppenheim, 1901)</small>
- Brotia manningi <small>Brandt, 1968</small>
- Brotia mariae <small>Köhler, 2008</small>
- Brotia microsculpta <small>Brandt, 1968</small>
- Brotia pageli <small>(Thiele, 1908)</small>
- Brotia pagodula <small>(Gould, 1847)</small> - type species
- â Brotia palaeocostula <small>Gurung, Takayasu & Matsuoka, 1997</small>
- Brotia paludiformis <small>(Solem, 1966)</small>
- Brotia peninsularis <small>(Brandt, 1974)</small>
- Brotia persculpta <small>(Ehrmann, 1922)</small>
- Brotia praetermissa <small>Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2002</small>
- Brotia pseudoasperata <small>Brandt, 1968</small>
- Brotia pseudosulcospira <small>(Brandt, 1968)</small>
- Brotia siamensis <small>(Brot, 1886)</small>
- Brotia solemiana <small>(Brandt, 1968)</small>
- Brotia sooloensis <small>(Reeve, 1859)</small> - incertae sedis
- Brotia spinata <small>(Godwin-Austen, 1872)</small> - incertae sedis
- Brotia subgloriosa <small>(Brandt, 1968)</small>
- Brotia sumatrensis <small>(Brot, 1875)</small>
- Brotia torquata <small>(von dem Busch, 1842)</small>
- Brotia verbecki <small>(Brot, 1886)</small>
- Brotia wykoffi <small>(Brandt, 1974)</small>
- Brotia yunnanensis <small>Köhler, Du & Yang, 2010</small>
- Brotia zonata <small>(Benson, 1836)</small> - incertae sedis
Synonyms:
- Brotia asperata <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>: synonym of Jagora asperata <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
- Brotia baccata <small>(Gould, 1847)</small>: synonym of Brotia henriettae <small>(Gray, 1834)</small>
- Brotia delavayana <small>Heude, 1888</small> : synonym of Sulcospira delavayana <small>(Heude, 1888)</small>
- â Brotia escheri aquitanica <small>(Noulet, 1846)</small>: synonym of â Tinnyea aquitanica <small>(Noulet, 1846)</small>
- â Brotia escheri auingeri <small>(Handmann, 1882)</small>: synonym of â Tinnyea lauraea <small>(Matheron, 1842)</small>
- Brotia hainanensis <small>(Brot, 1872)</small>: synonym of Sulcospira hainanensis <small>(Brot, 1874)</small>
- Brotia hamonvillei : synonym of Sulcospira tonkiniana <small>(Morelet, 1886)</small>
- Brotia infracostata <small>(Mousson, 1848)</small>: synonym of Sulcospira infracostata <small>(Mousson, 1848)</small>
- Brotia proteus <small>(Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1908)</small>: synonym of Sulcospira dakrongensis <small>Köhler, Holford, Do & Ho, 2009</small>
- Brotia swinhoei <small>(H. Adams, 1870)</small>: synonym of Sulcospira swinhoei <small>(H. Adams, 1870)</small>
- Brotia testudinaria <small>(von dem Busch, 1842)</small>: synonym of Sulcospira testudinaria <small>(von dem Busch, 1842)</small>
- Brotia tourannensis: synonym of Sulcospira tourannensis <small>(Souleyet, 1852)</small>
- Brotia variabilis <small>(Benson, 1836)</small>: synonym of Brotia costula <small>(Rafinesque, 1833)</small>
Variability of shells of Brotia (images in the first row are in the same ratio):
References
External links
- Köhler F. & Deein G. (2010). "Hybridisation as potential source of incongruence in the morphological and mitochondrial diversity of a Thai freshwater gastropod (Pachychilidae, Brotia H. Adarns, 1866)". Zoosystematics and Evolution 86(2): 301-314. .