Brazil competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. 72 competitors, 71 men and 1 woman, took part in 35 events in 14 sports. Brazilians obtained two bronze medals in Rome. The swimmer Manuel dos Santos was a bronze medalist in men's 100 metre freestyle. The men's basketball team also won the bronze medal. Flagbearer and defending two-time Olympic champion Adhemar Ferreira da Silva could not repeat his performance and placed fourteenth in the triple jump,
One male cyclist represented Brazil in 1960.
Three male pentathletes represented Brazil in 1960.
Brazil had five male rowers participate in one out of seven rowing events in 1960.
Three shooters represented Brazil in 1960.