The BrasÃÂlia tapaculo (Scytalopus novacapitalis) is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to southern Brazil.
The BrasÃÂlia tapaculo is most closely related to the Planalto tapaculo (Scytalopus pachecoi). Those two species, rock tapaculo (S. petrophilus), and Diamantina tapaculo (S. diamantinensis) form a clade. It was originally thought to be closely related to the white-breasted tapaculo (Eleoscytalopus indigoticus).
The BrasÃÂlia tapaculo is long. One male weighed and two unsexed specimens weighed . The adult is blue-gray above and whitish to pale gray below. The lower back and rump are reddish brown and the vent is rufous with gray barring. The juvenile has not been described.
The BrasÃÂlia tapaculo is found in disjunct areas in eastern Goiás, the Distrito Federal, and western Minas Gerais. It inhabits gallery forest, primarily permanently flooded areas with Blechnum ferns and Euterpe palms. It has a fairly narrow elevational range of .
The BrasÃÂlia tapaculo forages on the ground for insects, spiders, and centipedes.
The only information on the BrasÃÂlia tapaculo's breeding phenology is that a specimen collected in July had active gonads.
The Brazilia tapaculo's song is an "ewk" note repeated for up to a minute https://www.xeno-canto.org/4912. Its alarm call is a series of sharp "che-te-te" notes. Another call is a fast series of "chip" notes that increase in volume.
The IUCN has assessed the BrasÃÂlia tapaculo as Endangered. Its range of approximately 72 km<sup>2</sup> (28 mi<sup>2</sup>) is greatly fragmented and under continued threat of degradation. It does, however, occur in at least six protected areas.