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Botrylloides

Botrylloides is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Styelidae.

Description

Like Botryllus, Botrylloides are flat sheets of organisms which can be found covering ropes, boat hulls, horseshoe crabs, seaweeds, and any still or slow-moving object in saltwater. Also both are considered to be invasive, found in many ports around the world. Invasive tunicates such as these, Didemnum sp., and Styela clava are a problem for shellfish and other marine life populations, and cause fouling of boats and piers.

Species within the genus Botrylloides include:

Species names currently considered to be synonyms:

  • Botrylloides albicans <small>Milne Edwards, 1841</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides aurantium <small>Oka, 1927</small>: synonym of Botryllus aurantius <small>(Oka, 1927)</small>
  • Botrylloides aurea <small>Sars, 1851</small>: synonym of Botrylloides aureum <small>(Sars, 1851)</small>
  • Botrylloides boloniense <small>Giard, 1875</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides carnosum <small>Oka, 1927</small>: synonym of Botrylloides violaceus <small>Oka, 1927</small>
  • Botrylloides chazaliei <small>Sluiter, 1898</small>: synonym of Botrylloides nigrum <small>Herdman, 1886</small>
  • Botrylloides clavelina <small>Giard, 1872</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides cyanescens <small>Giard, 1888</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides diegense <small>Ritter & Forsyth, 1917</small>: synonym of Botrylloides diegensis <small>Ritter & Forsyth, 1917</small>
  • Botrylloides eligulatum <small>Beniaminson, 1975</small>: synonym of Botryllus tuberatus <small>Ritter & Forsyth, 1917</small>
  • Botrylloides fulgurale <small>Herdman, 1886</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides gregalis <small>Sluiter, 1898</small>: synonym of Botryllus gregalis <small>(Sluiter, 1898)</small>
  • Botrylloides insigne <small>Giard, 1872</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides lateritium <small>Beniaminson, 1975</small>: synonym of Botrylloides violaceus <small>Oka, 1927</small>
  • Botrylloides leachi <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides leptum <small>Herdman, 1899</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides maeandrium <small>Sluiter, 1898</small>: synonym of Botryllus maeandrius <small>(Sluiter, 1898)</small>
  • Botrylloides maeandrius <small>Sluiter, 1898</small>: synonym of Botryllus maeandrius <small>(Sluiter, 1898)</small>
  • Botrylloides magnicoecus <small>Hartmeyer, 1912</small>: synonym of Botrylloides magnicoecum <small>(Hartmeyer, 1912)</small>
  • Botrylloides magnum <small>(Ritter, 1901)</small>: synonym of Botryllus magnus <small>Ritter, 1901</small>
  • Botrylloides magnus : synonym of Botryllus magnus <small>Ritter, 1901</small>
  • Botrylloides meandrinum <small>Sluiter</small>: synonym of Botryllus maeandrius <small>(Sluiter, 1898)</small>
  • Botrylloides namei <small>(Hartmeyer & Michaelsen, 1928)</small>: synonym of Botryllus planus <small>(Van Name, 1902)</small>
  • Botrylloides niger <small>Herdman, 1886</small>: synonym of Botrylloides nigrum <small>Herdman, 1886</small>
  • Botrylloides parvulum <small>Huitfeld-Kaas, 1896</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides parvulus <small>Huitfeld-Kaas, 1896</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides perspicuum <small>Herdman, 1886</small>: synonym of Botrylloides perspicuus <small>(Herdman, 1886)</small>
  • Botrylloides planus : synonym of Botryllus planus <small>(Van Name, 1902)</small>
  • Botrylloides prostratum <small>Giard, 1872</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides purpureum <small>Herdman, 1886</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides pusilla <small>Alder, 1863</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides radiata <small>Alder & Hancock, 1848</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides ramulosa <small>Alder & Hancock, 1848</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides rotifera <small>Milne Edwards, 1841</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides rubrum <small>Milne Edwards, 1841</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides rugosum <small>Gottschaldt, 1894</small>: synonym of Botrylloides aureum <small>(Sars, 1851)</small>
  • Botrylloides sparsa <small>Alder, 1863</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides translucidum <small>Hartmeyer, 1912</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides vinosa <small>Alder & Hancock, 1912</small>: synonym of Botrylloides leachii <small>(Savigny, 1816)</small>
  • Botrylloides violaceum <small>Oka, 1927</small>: synonym of Botrylloides violaceus <small>Oka, 1927</small>

References

External links

  • http://www.exoticsguide.org/species_pages/b_violaceus.html