Biathlon at the 1964 Winter Olympics consisted of one biathlon event, held at Seefeld. The event was held on 4 February.
The Soviet Union won two medals in Innsbruck, taking gold and silver in the individual race.
Fourteen nations sent biathletes to compete in Innsbruck. Below is a list of the competing nations; in parentheses are the number of national competitors. Austria, Japan, Mongolia, Poland, Romania and Switzerland made their Olympic biathlon debut.