Bias is an inclination toward something, or a predisposition, partiality, prejudice, preference, or predilection.
Bias may also refer to:
Scientific method and statistics
- The bias introduced into an experiment through a confounder
- Algorithmic bias, machine learning algorithms that exhibit politically unacceptable behavior
- Cultural bias, interpreting and judging phenomena in terms particular to one's own culture
- Funding bias, bias relative to the commercial interests of a study's financial sponsor
- Reactivity, may result in a bias when participants behave differently when they know they are being observed. In survey research this is sometimes called response bias.
- Demand characteristics, is when participants change their behaviour to fit their interpretation of the experiment's purpose
- Observer-expectancy effect, is when researcher expectations influence participant behaviour (see also Pygmalion effect)
- Social-desirability bias, is when participants adapt their behaviour to what they perceive to be social norms and expectations
- Hawthorne effect, often relates to improving performance in response to an intervention
- John Henry effect, sometimes relates to a behavioural change due to rivalry between groups, which may have negative outcomes
- Infrastructure bias, the influence of existing social or scientific infrastructure on scientific observations
- Publication bias, bias toward publication of certain experimental results
- Bias (statistics), the systematic distortion of a statistic
- Biased sample, a sample falsely taken to be typical of a population
- Estimator bias, a bias from an estimator whose expectation differs from the true value of the parameter
- Personal equation, a concept in 19th- and early 20th-century science that each observer had an inherent bias when it came to measurements and observations
- Reporting bias, a bias resulting from what is and is not reported in research, either by participants in the research or by the researcher.
Cognitive science
Mathematics and engineering
- Exponent bias, the constant offset of an exponent's value
- Inductive bias, the set of assumptions that a machine learner uses to predict outputs of given inputs that it has not encountered.
- Weight and bias, two terms used to describe parameters in a neural network.
- Seat bias, any bias in a method of apportionment that favors either large or small parties over the other
Electricity
- Biasing, a voltage or current added to an electronic device to move its operating point to a desired part of its transfer function
- Grid bias of a vacuum tube, used to control the electron flow from the heated cathode to the positively charged anode
- Tape bias (also AC bias), a high-frequency signal (generally from 40 to 150 kHz) added to the audio signal recorded on an analog tape recorder
Places
- Bias, Landes, on the coast in southwestern France
- Bias, Lot-et-Garonne, in southwestern France
- Bias, West Virginia, a community in the United States
- Bias Bay, now called Daya Bay, in Guangdong Province, China
- Bias River, a river in north-western India
People
Organisations
In other areas
See also