Bhubaneswar Kalita (born 1 April 1951) is an Indian social worker, politician and a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a member of the Indian National Congress until 2019.
A 1971 B.A. graduate from Cotton College, Guwahati, Kalita subsequently completed an M. A. in 1974 and an L.L.B. in 1978 from Gauhati University.
Kalita has served as a Member of the Rajya Sabha from Assam for five terms, from 1984 to 1990, 1990 to 1996, 2008 to 2014, 2014 to 2019 and 2020 to 2026. He has also served as a member of the 12th Lok Sabha from 1998 to 1999, and was an MLA of Assam from Rangiya from 2001 to 2006, during which he was an Assam state minister from 2002 to 2004. From 2004 to 2014, he was president of the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee.