The Battle of Santa Ana took place on 22 September 1816 in Rio Grande do Sul, modern-day Brazil. The battle was between a detachment of Luso-Brazilian forces from the army of General Curado and part of the army of José Gervasio Artigas of the Federal League. The Luso-Brazilians were initially victorious but eventually forced to retreat due to a lack of ammunition and were pursued closely, suffering heavy casualties of up to 100 dead.
The Luso-Brazilians were under the command of Alexandre Queirós.
After the Luso-Brazilian attack, oriental leader José Gervasio Artigas attempted to take the battle to the invading forces by invading Brazil. The battle lasted for 3 hours and ended with a Luso-Brazilian defeat.