Barton Township is one of ten townships in Gibson County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,487 (down from 1,677 at 2010) and it contained 663 housing units. Somerville is the township seat.
Barton Township was organized in 1843.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , of which (or 99.57%) is land and (or 0.41%) is water.
The township contains seven cemeteries: Albright, Eden, Kilpatrick, Providence, St John's, Somerville and Townsley.
Barton Township is part of the East Gibson School Corporation.